MicroRNAs in Pancreatic Cancer: biomarkers, prognostic, and therapeutic modulators
MicroRNAs in Pancreatic Cancer: biomarkers, prognostic, and therapeutic modulators
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DOI：
10.1186/s12885-019-6284-y
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发表时间：
2019-11-21
期刊：
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
McCarthy, Helen O.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Daoud, Afra Z.;Mulholland, Eoghan J.;McCarthy, Helen O.
严重缺乏早期诊断加上对大多数可用治疗方案的抵抗使得胰腺癌成为主要的临床问题。当前治疗的功效有限，需要开发新的治疗策略，这些策略基于对胰腺癌进展所涉及的分子机制的理解。 MicroRNA (miRNA) 是非编码小 RNA，可在翻译后过程中调节多种蛋白质的表达，因此有望作为生物标志物、预后剂和先进的胰腺疗法。胰腺癌中失调的 miRNA 分析可以与诊断相关，指示最佳治疗并预测治疗反应。此外，了解胰腺癌的主要效应基因以及下游通路可以识别可能的 miRNA 作为候选治疗药物。此外，还考虑了 miRNA 转化到临床的障碍。不同的 miRNA 表达谱可以与恶性胰腺疾病的阶段相关，并具有作为生物标志物、预后标志物和临床靶标的潜力。然而，对此类 miRNA 特定作用的理解和验证有限，阻碍了临床应用。使用算法进行目标预测提供了广泛的可能目标，但这些 miRNA 仍需要通过临床前研究进行验证，以确定连锁遗传效应。
A severe lack of early diagnosis coupled with resistance to most available therapeutic options renders pancreatic cancer as a major clinical concern. The limited efficacy of current treatments necessitates the development of novel therapeutic strategies that are based on an understanding of the molecular mechanisms involved in pancreatic cancer progression. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are non-coding small RNAs that regulate the expression of multiple proteins in the post-translation process and thus have promise as biomarkers, prognostic agents, and as advanced pancreatic therapies. Profiling of deregulated miRNAs in pancreatic cancer can correlate to diagnosis, indicate optimal treatment and predict response to therapy. Furthermore, understanding the main effector genes in pancreatic cancer along with downstream pathways can identify possible miRNAs as therapeutic candidates. Additionally, obstacles to the translation of miRNAs into the clinic are also considered. Distinct miRNA expression profiles can correlate to stages of malignant pancreatic disease, and hold potential as biomarkers, prognostic markers and clinical targets. However, a limited understanding and validation of the specific role of such miRNAs stunts clinical application. Target prediction using algorithms provides a wide range of possible targets, but these miRNAs still require validation through pre-clinical studies to determine the knock-on genetic effects.