Cigarette smoking and hearing loss - The epidemiology of hearing loss study
Cigarette smoking and hearing loss - The epidemiology of hearing loss study
复制标题
DOI：
10.1001/jama.279.21.1715
复制
发表时间：
1998-06-03
影响因子：
120.7
通讯作者：
Tweed, TS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cruickshanks, KJ;Klein, R;Tweed, TS
背景。-临床研究表明，吸烟可能与听力损失有关，听力损失是影响老年人的一种常见疾病。目的。-评估吸烟与听力损失之间的关联。设计。-基于人口的横断面研究。设置。-威斯康星州 Beaver Dam 社区。参与者。-年龄 48 至 92 岁的成年人。在 4541 名符合条件的受试者中，3753 名（83%）参加了听力研究。主要结果指标：检查包括耳镜检查、筛查鼓室导抗测试、纯音气导和骨导测听，通过自我报告确定吸烟史。听力损失被定义为较差耳朵的纯音平均值（0.5、1、2 和 4 kHz）大于 25 dB 听力水平。结果 - 在调整其他因素后，当前吸烟者出现听力损失的可能性是不吸烟者的 1.69 倍（95% 置信区间，1.31-2.17）。对于没有职业噪声暴露史的人以及排除有职业噪声暴露史的人的分析中，这种关系仍然存在。非年龄相关性听力损失。剂量反应效应的证据微弱。与吸烟者住在一起的不吸烟参与者比那些没有接触过吸烟的家庭成员的不吸烟参与者更有可能出现听力损失（比值比，1.94；95% 置信区间，1.01-3.74）。结论。-这些数据表明，环境暴露可能在与年龄相关的听力损失中发挥作用。如果纵向研究证实了这些发现，那么改变吸烟习惯可能会预防或延缓与年龄相关的听力敏感性下降。
Context.-Clinical studies have suggested that cigarette smoking may be associated with hearing loss, a common condition affecting older adults.Objective.-To evaluate the association between smoking and hearing loss.Design.-Population-based, cross-sectional study.Setting.-Community of Beaver Dam, Wis.Participants.-Adults aged 48 to 92 years. Of 4541 eligible subjects, 3753 (83%) participated in the hearing study.Main Outcome Measures.-The examination included otoscopy, screening tympanometry, and pure-tone air-conduction and bone-conduction audiometry, Smoking history was ascertained by self-report. Hearing loss was defined as a pure-tone average (0.5, 1, 2, and 4 kHz) greater than 25-dB hearing level in the worse ear.Results.-After adjusting for other factors, current smokers were 1.69 times as likely to have a hearing loss as nonsmokers (95% confidence interval, 1.31-2.17), This relationship remained for those without a history of occupational noise exposure and in analyses excluding those with non-age-related hearing loss. There was weak evidence of a dose-response effect. Nonsmoking participants who lived with a smoker were more likely to have a hearing loss than those who were not exposed to a household member who smoked (odds ratio, 1.94; 95% confidence interval, 1.01-3.74).Conclusions.-These data suggest that environmental exposures may play a role in age-related hearing loss. If longitudinal studies confirm these findings, modification of smoking habits may prevent or delay age-related declines in hearing sensitivity.