Molecular Testing of Solid Tumors
Molecular Testing of Solid Tumors
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DOI：
10.1043/2010-0413-rar.1
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发表时间：
2011-01-01
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Lopez-Terrada, Dolores H.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Igbokwe, Anne;Lopez-Terrada, Dolores H.
背景-实体肿瘤的分子检测正稳步成为当代解剖病理学家的重要组成部分。这些灵敏和特异的辅助工具有助于确认光学显微镜怀疑的模糊诊断，并用于指导治疗决定、评估预后和监测患者治疗后肿瘤残留疾病。目的-回顾目前在实体肿瘤检测中最有用的分子生物标记物和肿瘤特异性分析，特别是对乳腺、结肠、肺、甲状腺和软组织肿瘤、恶性黑色素瘤和来源不明的肿瘤。还将讨论在不久的将来可能成为护理标准的几种即将到来的分子诊断分析。数据来源。-原始研究文章、综述文章和作者的个人实践经验。结论。-解剖病理学中的分子检测已牢固确立，并将随着对更具体诊断和新的靶向治疗的需求的发展而继续取得进展。了解可用于实体肿瘤诊断和治疗的更常见和临床相关的分子测试及其适应症和局限性是必要的，如果解剖病理学家要以最佳方式使用这些测试，并为直接参与患者护理的其他临床医生提供咨询。(ARCH Pathol Lab Med.2011；135：67-82)
Context.-Molecular testing of solid tumors is steadily becoming a vital component of the contemporary anatomic pathologist's armamentarium. These sensitive and specific ancillary tools are useful for confirming ambiguous diagnoses suspected by light microscopy and for guiding therapeutic decisions, assessing prognosis, and monitoring patients for residual neoplastic disease after therapy.Objective.-To review current molecular biomarkers and tumor-specific assays most useful in solid tumor testing, specifically of breast, colon, lung, thyroid, and soft tissue tumors, malignant melanoma, and tumors of unknown origin. A few upcoming molecular diagnostic assays that may become standard of care in the near future will also be discussed.Data Sources.-Original research articles, review articles, and the authors' personal practice experience.Conclusions.-Molecular testing in anatomic pathology is firmly established and will continue to gain ground as the need for more specific diagnoses and new targeted therapies evolve. Knowledge of the more common and clinically relevant molecular tests available for solid tumor diagnosis and management, and their indications and limitations, is necessary if anatomic pathologists are to optimally use these tests and act as consultants for fellow clinicians directly involved in patient care. (Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2011;135:67-82)