Leveraging agriculture for nutrition in South Asia and East Africa: examining the enabling environment through stakeholder perceptions
Leveraging agriculture for nutrition in South Asia and East Africa: examining the enabling environment through stakeholder perceptions
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DOI：
10.1007/s12571-015-0449-6
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发表时间：
2015-06-01
期刊：
影响因子：
6.7
通讯作者：
Herforth, Anna
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Gillespie, Stuart;van den Bold, Mara;Herforth, Anna
南亚和撒哈拉以南非洲是世界上营养不良最集中的两个地区。这两个地区的大多数营养脆弱人口在某种程度上依赖农业作为主要的生计来源。农业部门和更广泛的农业粮食系统被认为是在减少营养不良方面取得持续进展的核心，但人们对如何释放这一潜力知之甚少。最近的范围划分评估还显示，缺乏有关全球农业-营养关系的更广泛的政治、体制和政策相关挑战的信息。需要对政策进程以及农业和营养的政治经济学进行背景研究，以便更好地确定农业受益于营养的“有利环境”的特征，以及如何塑造和维持这些环境。这项研究旨在通过借鉴南亚(印度、孟加拉国和巴基斯坦)和东非(埃塞俄比亚、乌干达和肯尼亚)的一系列案例研究的证据，为填补这一空白做出贡献。在综合各国成果的同时，在认识到重要的细微差别和细节的同时，我们最后强调了需要解决的四个关键问题。第一，提高农业政策制定者和方案管理人员对营养不良及其与农业的联系的认识和认识。第二，在全系统范围内激励决策和行动变得更加有利于营养。第三，通过将及时和可操作的数据和证据与激励措施联系起来，为整个农业部门与营养有关的行动建立透明的问责制度。第四，在充足资金的支持下，培养和加强各级领导和能力。
South Asia and sub-Saharan Africa are the two regions of the world with the highest concentration of undernutrition. The majority of the nutritionally vulnerable populations in both regions is dependent in some way upon agriculture as a primary source of livelihood. The agriculture sector and wider agri-food system is considered to be central to sustained progress in reducing undernutrition - and yet not enough is known about how to unleash this potential. Recent scoping assessments have also revealed a paucity of information on wider political, institutional and policy-related challenges relating to the agriculture-nutrition nexus globally. Contextualized research into policy processes and the political economy of agriculture and nutrition is needed to better characterize "enabling environments" for agriculture to benefit nutrition, and how these environments can be shaped and sustained. This study aims to contribute to filling this gap, by drawing upon evidence from a set of case studies in South Asia (India, Bangladesh and Pakistan) and eastern Africa (Ethiopia, Uganda and Kenya). In synthesizing results across countries, while recognizing important nuance and detail, we conclude by highlighting four key issues to be addressed. First, improving knowledge and perception of undernutrition and its links to agriculture, on the part of agricultural policymakers and programme managers. Second, generating system-wide incentives for decisions and actions to become more pro-nutrition. Third, developing transparent systems of accountability for nutrition-relevant action throughout the agriculture sector, through linking timely and actionable data and evidence with incentives. And fourth, cultivating and strengthening leadership and capacities at different levels, underpinned by adequate financing.