Social-ecological memory in urban gardens-Retaining the capacity for management of ecosystem services
Social-ecological memory in urban gardens-Retaining the capacity for management of ecosystem services
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DOI：
10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2010.01.001
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发表时间：
2010-05-01
影响因子：
8.9
通讯作者：
Colding, Johan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Barthel, Stephan;Folke, Carl;Colding, Johan
许多生态系统服务正在下降。当地生态知识和相关做法对于维持和加强实地生态系统服务至关重要。在这里，我们专注于与维持生态系统服务的管理实践有关的社会或集体记忆，并调查生态实践，知识和经验在何处以及如何保留和传播。我们分析这样的社会生态记忆分配花园在斯德哥尔摩市区，瑞典。分配花园支持生态系统服务，如授粉，种子传播和害虫控制在更广泛的城市景观。调查和采访是在四年的时间里进行的，有数百名园丁。我们发现，分配花园的功能作为社区的实践，参与和物化互动和社会生态记忆是一个共同的来源，是新兴的和持久的社区弹性。分配花园中的生态实践和知识通过模仿实践、口头交流和集体仪式和习惯以及物理花园、人工制品、隐喻和使用规则（机构）得以保留和传播。最后，更广泛的社会背景通过各种形式的媒体、市场、社交网络、协作组织和法律的结构提供外部支持。我们探讨了城市园林在危机和变革时期产生生态系统服务的作用，并得出结论，城市绿色区域的管理者及其所承载的社会记忆可能有助于抵消关键生态系统服务的进一步下降。(C)2010爱思唯尔有限公司版权所有。
Many ecosystem services are in decline. Local ecological knowledge and associated practice are essential to sustain and enhance ecosystem services on the ground. Here, we focus on social or collective memory in relation to management practice that sustains ecosystem services, and investigate where and how ecological practices, knowledge and experience are retained and transmitted. We analyze such social-ecological memory of allotment gardens in the Stockholm urban area, Sweden. Allotment gardens support ecosystem services such as pollination, seed dispersal and pest regulation in the broader urban landscape. Surveys and interviews were preformed over a four-year period with several hundreds of gardeners. We found that the allotment gardens function as communities-of-practice, where participation and reification interact and social-ecological memory is a shared source of resilience of the community by being both emergent and persistent. Ecological practices and knowledge in allotment gardens are retained and transmitted by imitation of practices, oral communication and collective rituals and habits, as well as by the physical gardens, artifacts, metaphors and rules-in-use (institutions). Finally, a wider social context provides external support through various forms of media, markets, social networks, collaborative organizations, and legal structures. We exemplify the role of urban gardens in generating ecosystem services in times of crisis and change and conclude that stewards of urban green areas and the social memory that they carry may help counteract further decline of critical ecosystem services. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.