Assessing communities of practice in health policy: a conceptual framework as a first step towards empirical research
Assessing communities of practice in health policy: a conceptual framework as a first step towards empirical research
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DOI：
10.1186/1478-4505-11-39
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发表时间：
2013-10-20
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
Witter, Sophie
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bertone, Maria Paola;Meessen, Bruno;Witter, Sophie
实践社区（cop）是一组定期互动以加深对特定主题知识的人员。由于信息和通信技术的发展，缔约方会议可以让分布在各国的专家参与进来，并采用“跨国”成员制。这使得该战略能够应用于知识领域，例如具有全球视角的卫生政策。cop代表了产生和共享显性知识以及隐性知识和实施实践的潜在有价值的工具。它们还可以有效地在促进卫生政策的不同“知识持有者”（例如，研究人员、决策者、技术助理、从业人员等）之间建立联系。全球卫生领域缔约方会议的数量和活动都在增加。因此，越来越需要记录其进展并评价其有效性。本文是朝着这种实证研究迈出的第一步，因为它旨在为分析和评估卫生政策中的跨国缔约方会议提供一个概念框架。该框架是根据文献审查的结果以及我们的经验制定的，反映了跨国缔约方会议在卫生政策方面的具体特点和挑战。它将缔约方会议的关键要素组织成一个逻辑流程，将现有资源和调动资源的能力、知识管理活动和知识的扩展、政策和实践的变化以及最终改善卫生成果联系起来。此外，本文还解决了该框架在操作化和实证应用中的挑战。
Communities of Practice (CoPs) are groups of people that interact regularly to deepen their knowledge on a specific topic. Thanks to information and communication technologies, CoPs can involve experts distributed across countries and adopt a 'transnational' membership. This has allowed the strategy to be applied to domains of knowledge such as health policy with a global perspective. CoPs represent a potentially valuable tool for producing and sharing explicit knowledge, as well as tacit knowledge and implementation practices. They may also be effective in creating links among the different 'knowledge holders' contributing to health policy (e.g., researchers, policymakers, technical assistants, practitioners, etc.).CoPs in global health are growing in number and activities. As a result, there is an increasing need to document their progress and evaluate their effectiveness. This paper represents a first step towards such empirical research as it aims to provide a conceptual framework for the analysis and assessment of transnational CoPs in health policy. The framework is developed based on the findings of a literature review as well as on our experience, and reflects the specific features and challenges of transnational CoPs in health policy. It organizes the key elements of CoPs into a logical flow that links available resources and the capacity to mobilize them, with knowledge management activities and the expansion of knowledge, with changes in policy and practice and, ultimately, with an improvement in health outcomes. Additionally, the paper addresses the challenges in the operationalization and empirical application of the framework.