Orienting attention in audition and between audition and vision: young and elderly subjects.
Orienting attention in audition and between audition and vision: young and elderly subjects.
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听觉中以及听觉和视觉之间的注意力定向：年轻和老年受试者。
DOI：
10.1044/jshr.3503.701
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发表时间：
1992
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Rizzo,M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Robin,DA;Rizzo,M
这项研究对 30 名年轻人和 10 名老年人进行了调查，以测试注意力的定向是否可以在试镜中进行测量。还测试了听觉或视觉刺激的混合模式条件下的定向。相关测量是当通过正确（有效）、不正确（无效）或未提供偏侧化信息（中性）的先行箭头提示预测位置时，对偏侧化目标的反应时间（RT）。不同条件下的两组之间的比较表明，老年受试者的 RT 比年轻受试者长，但两组的结果模式相似。此外，每个模态条件都发现了类似的 RT 模式：有效试验引起最快的响应，无效试验引起最慢的响应。这些发现表明，涉及注意力定向的机制在听觉中起作用，并且个体可以在多个感觉池之间分配其处理资源。此外，在听觉中定向注意力的效果与在视觉中发现的效果相似，并且可以用相同类型的模型来解释。在本研究中测试的受试者样本中，注意力定向似乎对衰老过程具有相对抵抗力。
This study examined 30 young and 10 elderly subjects to test whether orienting of attention could be measured in audition. Orienting in a mixed-modal condition in which stimuli were either auditory or visual was also tested. The dependent measure was the reaction time (RT) to lateralized targets when the locations were predicted by antecedent arrow cues that were correct (valid), were incorrect (invalid), or provided no lateralizing information (neutral). A comparison between the two groups among the different conditions showed that elderly subjects had longer RTs than the younger participants, but the pattern of results was similar in both groups. In addition, a similar RT pattern was found for each modal condition: Valid trials elicited the fastest responses and invalid trials the slowest. These findings suggest that the mechanisms involved in orienting attention operate in audition and that individuals may allocate their processing resources among multiple sensory pools. Moreover, effects seen in orienting attention in audition were similar to those found in vision and are interpretable with the same types of models. Orienting attention appears to be relatively resistant to the aging process in the sample of subjects tested in this study.