Comparison of Hazardous Scenarios for Different Ship Autonomy Types using Systems-Theoretic Process Analysis
Comparison of Hazardous Scenarios for Different Ship Autonomy Types using Systems-Theoretic Process Analysis
复制标题
使用系统理论过程分析比较不同船舶自主类型的危险场景
DOI：
10.3850/978-981-11-2724-3_0813-cd
复制
发表时间：
2019
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
M. Lundteigen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Hyungjun Kim;O. I. Haugen;B. Rokseth;M. Lundteigen
自主和远程操作船舶领域正在快速发展，但仍然是一个不成熟的领域，新的想法和新颖的技术解决方案不断被引入。作为这些努力的一部分，挪威自主船舶论坛（NFAS）定义了自主船舶的六种自主类型：两种用于连续有人驾驶的驾驶台，四种用于完全或定期无人系统。不同的桥梁配员级别和操作自主级别被分配给每个自主类型，因此，每个自主类型可能与导致危险的不同类型的场景相关联。为了支持利益相关者的决策，需要确定哪种自治类型与哪些场景相关。本文的主要目的是识别和比较导致六种自治类型危险的情景。为了分析自主和远程操作船舶的危险，我们应用系统理论过程分析（STPA）。 STPA 是一种相对较新的危害分析技术，旨在分析现代复杂和软件密集型控制系统的危害。 STPA 将系统建模为分层控制结构，并识别导致不安全控制操作的场景，这些操作可能会导致危险状态或状况。本研究进行了六次 STPA 分析，以确定导致六种自治类型危险的情景，并对结果进行了比较和讨论。
The area of autonomous and remotely operated ships is developing fast but is still an immature field where new ideas and novel technology solutions are being introduced. As part of these efforts, the Norwegian Forum for Autonomous Ships (NFAS) has defined six autonomy types for autonomous ships: two for continuously manned bridge, and four for fully or periodically unmanned systems. Different bridge manning levels and operational autonomy levels are allocated to each autonomy type, and therefore, each autonomy type could be associated with different kinds of scenarios leading to hazards. To support the decision making of the stakeholders, it is necessary to identify which autonomy type is related with which scenarios. The main objective of this paper is to identify and compare the scenarios leading to hazards of the six autonomy types. To analyse hazards of autonomous and remotely operated ships, we apply Systems-Theoretic Process Analysis (STPA). STPA is a relatively new hazard analysis technique that was developed to analyse hazards of modern complex and software-intensive control systems. STPA models the systems as a hierarchical control structure, and identifies scenarios leading to unsafe control actions that may lead to hazardous states or conditions. Six STPA analyses are conducted in this study to identify scenarios leading to hazards of the six autonomy types, and the results are compared and discussed.