Price Adjustment in Monopolistic Competition
Price Adjustment in Monopolistic Competition
复制标题
垄断竞争中的价格调整
DOI：
10.1007/978-1-4615-1661-3_6
复制
发表时间：
2001
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
J. Tuinstra
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
J. Tuinstra
在一般均衡理论中有一个长期存在且至今未得到解答的问题：经济如何达到均衡？最著名的调整过程是在第2章中讨论过的调整过程（tâtonnement process）。在那里，我们看到，定价过程不需要收敛到一个均衡价格向量，实际上，这个过程允许各种复杂的动力学行为。此外，还讨论了均衡过程的一些不可取的特点：不存在以不均衡价格进行的贸易和定价问题。关于后者，有与会者指出，更现实的价格调整模式要求由经济行为人自己而不是由拍卖师这样的抽象机构来确定价格。本章将进一步探讨这一问题。本章回顾了垄断竞争的部分均衡模型中的一些简单调整过程。这些模型可以作为一般均衡模型中更令人满意的价格调整理论的第一步（诚然很小）。
There is a long-standing and still unanswered question in the theory of general equilibrium: how does the economy get to an equilibrium? The best-known adjustment process is the tâtonnement process, which was discussed in Chapter 2. There we saw that the tâtonnement process need not converge to an equilibrium price vector and indeed this process allows for all kinds of complicated dynamical behaviour. Furthermore some undesirable features of the tâtonnement process were discussed: the absence of trade at disequilibrium prices and the problem of price-setting. With respect to the latter, it was suggested that a more realistic model of price adjustment would require that economic agents themselves, instead of an abstract institution such as theauctioneerwould set prices. This issue is explored further in the present chapter. This chapter reviews some simple adjustment processes in partial equilibrium models of monopolistic competition. These models may serve as a first (admittedly small) step in the direction of a more satisfactory theory of price adjustment in general equilibrium models.