Postoperative atelectasis and pneumonia: risk factors.
Postoperative atelectasis and pneumonia: risk factors.
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DOI：
10.4037/ajcc1995.4.5.340
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发表时间：
1995-09
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
JA Brooks-Brunn
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
JA Brooks-Brunn
术后肺部并发症经常导致患者发病率和死亡率、住院时间和资源利用率增加。肺不张和感染性并发症占报告的肺部并发症的大部分。人们认为危险因素会加剧肺功能恶化，这种情况发生在手术过程中和手术后。本文回顾了文献并描述了与术前、术中和术后设置相关的常见危险因素、每个危险因素对肺功能的影响以及与危险因素评估相关的问题。回顾了十八个危险因素对术前、术中和术后肺功能的病理生理学影响。还讨论了与风险因素评估相关的关键问题。危险因素的识别和术后肺部并发症的预测很重要。及早识别有术后肺部并发症风险的患者可以指导我们的呼吸护理，以预防或尽量减少这些并发症。
Postoperative pulmonary complications frequently lead to increased patient morbidity and mortality, hospital length of stay, and resource utilization. Atelectasis and infectious complications account for the majority of reported pulmonary complications. Risk factors are thought to exaggerate pulmonary function deterioration, which occurs both during and after surgical procedures. This article reviews the literature and describes risk factors frequently identified in relation to pre-, intra-, and postoperative settings, impact of each risk factor on pulmonary function, and issues related to risk factor evaluation. Eighteen risk factors are reviewed regarding their pathophysiologic impact on pre-, intra-, and postoperative pulmonary function. Key issues related to risk factor evaluation are also discussed. Identification of risk factors and prediction of postoperative pulmonary complications are important. Early identification of patients at risk for postoperative pulmonary complications can guide our respiratory care to prevent or minimize these complications.