Effects of fear and anger on perceived risks of terrorism: A national field experiment
Effects of fear and anger on perceived risks of terrorism: A national field experiment
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DOI：
10.1111/1467-9280.01433
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发表时间：
2003-03-01
影响因子：
8.2
通讯作者：
Fischhoff, B
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lerner, JS;Gonzalez, RM;Fischhoff, B
9.11事件的后果凸显了理解情绪如何影响公民对风险的反应的必要性。它还提供了一个机会来测试目前的理论，这种影响。在评价倾向理论的基础上，我们预测了愤怒和恐惧对风险判断和政策偏好的相反影响。在一个具有全国代表性的美国人样本中（N=973，年龄13-88），恐惧增加了风险估计和预防措施计划;愤怒则相反。这些模式出现在实验诱导的情绪和自然发生的情绪中。男性比女性有更少的悲观风险估计，情绪差异解释了60%至80%的性别差异。情绪也预示着不同的公共政策偏好。讨论的重点是理论，方法和政策，影响。
The aftermath of September 11th highlights the need to understand how emotion affects citizens' responses to risk. It also provides an opportunity to test current theories of such effects. On the basis of appraisal-tendency theory, we predicted opposite effects for anger and fear on risk judgments and policy preferences. In a nationally representative sample of Americans (N=973, ages 13-88), fear increased risk estimates and plans for precautionary measures; anger did the opposite. These patterns emerged with both experimentally induced emotions and naturally occurring ones. Males had less pessimistic risk estimates than did females, emotion differences explaining 60 to 80% of the gender difference. Emotions also predicted diverging public policy preferences. Discussion focuses on theoretical, methodological, and policy, implications.