STACHYDRINE - CONTENT IN ALFALFA AND BIOLOGICAL-ACTIVITY IN CHICKS
STACHYDRINE - CONTENT IN ALFALFA AND BIOLOGICAL-ACTIVITY IN CHICKS
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DOI：
10.1021/jf60186a043
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发表时间：
1973-01-01
影响因子：
6.1
通讯作者：
KOHLER, GO
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
CONNOR, MA;STARK, JB;KOHLER, GO
对于紫花苜蓿中存在的四元氮碱的身份，人们存在一些困惑。Steenbock(1918)首先分离和鉴定了水苏碱(甜菜碱)是紫花苜蓿干草中的一种成分，后来Vickery(1925)发现它是紫花苜蓿中存在的主要的第四纪碱基。然而，最近的一份报告《脱水紫花苜蓿的主要营养成分研究》(ameri-can脱水剂协会，1965)列出了甜菜碱(甘氨酸甜菜碱)。鉴于这两种碱基可能存在的生理差异，本实验室进行了季铵盐碱的鉴定，确定了哪些是主要成分，建立了一种令人满意的测定方法，并检测了它们的生物活性。从新鲜的紫花苜蓿中提取的部分脱蛋白的压榨汁，浓缩到54.2%的固体含量(Bickoff等人，1968)，按照Stark(1962)的离子交换程序进行分级。收集并浓缩含有季铵化合物的馏分(有机碱浓缩物)。根据Christian等人(1960)的程序，在2.5 Nhc1中对这种有机碱浓缩物的95 mg样品在Dowex 50W(200-400目)上进行分馏。通过对对照物质的层析，确定了水苏碱、甜菜碱和胆碱的洗脱顺序和分离程度。
Some confusion has existed over the identity of the qua-ternary nitrogen bases present in alfalfa. Steenbock (1918) first isolated and identified stachydrine (proline betaine) as a component of alfalfa hay, and later Vickery (1925) found that it was the principal quaternary base present in alfalfa. However, a recent report,‘‘A Study of the Major Nutritional Constituentsof Dehydrated Alfalfa”(Ameri-can Dehydrators Association, 1965), lists the major base to be betaine (glycine betaine). Due to the possible physiological differences of the two bases, studies were conduct-ed in this laboratory to identify the quaternary bases pres-ent, to determine which are the major constituents, to de-velop a satisfactory method for their determination, and to examine their biological activity.EXPERIMENTAL SECTION Identification of Quaternary Ammonium Compounds Present in Alfalfa. A partially deproteinated pressed juice from fresh alfalfa, concentrated to 54.2% solids (Bickoff et al., 1968), was fractionated according to the ion-exchange procedure of Stark (1962). The fraction con-taining the quaternary ammonium compounds was col-lected and concentrated (organic base concentrate). A 95-mg sample of this organic base concentrate in 2.5 Nhc1 was fractionated on Dowex 50W (200-400 mesh), according to the procedure of Christianson et al.(1960). The order of elution and extent of separation of stachydrine, betaine, and choline were determined by chromatography of control materials.