Quantum measurement and the first law of thermodynamics: The energy cost of measurement is the work value of the acquired information
Quantum measurement and the first law of thermodynamics: The energy cost of measurement is the work value of the acquired information
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DOI：
10.1103/physreve.86.040106
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发表时间：
2012-10-25
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Jacobs, Kurt
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jacobs, Kurt
测量的能量成本是一个重要的基本问题，并且可能对量子技术产生深远的影响。在麦克斯韦妖的背景下，人们经常说测量没有最小的能量成本，而信息有功值。然而，正如我们所阐明的，这些陈述中的第一个并不是指测量装置所支付的成本。在这里，我们表明，只有当测量设备能够进入一个零温度的水库时——也就是说，永远不会——测量不需要能量。为了获得给定数量的信息，所有测量设备必须支付与热机获得该信息的等效功值相等的成本。
The energy cost of measurement is an important fundamental question, and may have profound implications for quantum technologies. In the context of Maxwell's demon, it is often stated that measurement has no minimum energy cost, while information has a work value. However, as we elucidate, the first of these statements does not refer to the cost paid by the measuring device. Here we show that it is only when a measuring device has access to a zero-temperature reservoir-that is, never-that measurement requires no energy. To obtain a given amount of information, all measuring devices must pay a cost equal to that which a heat engine would pay to obtain the equivalent work value of that information.