Trophodynamics of Protomyctophum (Myctophidae) in the Scotia Sea (Southern Ocean).
Trophodynamics of Protomyctophum (Myctophidae) in the Scotia Sea (Southern Ocean).
复制标题
斯科舍海（南大洋）Protomyctophum（Myctophidae）的营养动力学。
作者：
R. Saunders;Martin A. Collins;Peter Ward;G. Stowasser;Rachael S. Shreeve;G. Tarling
本研究利用春季、夏季和秋季中层拖网收集的数据，对斯科舍海的博林氏灯笼鱼Protomyctophum bolini、特尼森氏灯笼鱼Protomyctophum tenisoni和裂齿灯笼鱼Protomyctophum choriodon的分布、种群结构和食性进行了时空格局研究。在整个斯科舍海，波利尼原灯笼鱼是该属中数量最多的物种，在南极极锋（APF）附近的密度最大。这个物种的生命周期为2年以上，但人口结构的空间差异是明显的，因为I组是从所有地区南部的APF缺席，这表明该物种不招募在斯科舍海。Protomyctophum tenisoni主要发生在沃茨的APF的特点，是缺席的南部斯科舍海。它有一个有限的大小范围，但有明显的大小相关的性别二型性与男性显着大于女性。该物种的生命周期为C。2年，但I组（C。1岁，11月1日至次年10月31日）仅发生在靠近APF的地区，表明招募仅限于这些沃茨。夏季主要分布于南格鲁吉亚西南部，秋季则向海冰区扩展，因此，绒齿鲷可能存在季节性南迁。原灯笼鱼在斯科舍海的生命周期为4年以上，种群以>3岁的年龄组为主。幼虫阶段缺席调查期间的所有物种。垂直分布的日变化是明显的所有三种。食物的种间差异是明显的，但所有物种主要是桡足类饲养者，与Metridia属，Rhincalanus gigas和Calanus similimus通常占主导地位。小型磷虾类，主要是Thysanoessa属，也是它们饮食的重要组成部分，特别是对于体型最大的绒齿原教旨主义者来说。博利尼和特氏原螯虾食物的时空变化与中型浮游动物群落内的基本丰度模式基本一致。
This study investigated spatial and temporal patterns in distribution, population structure and diet of Bolin's lanternfish Protomyctophum bolini, Tenison's lanternfish Protomyctophum tenisoni and gaptooth lanternfish Protomyctophum choriodon in the Scotia Sea using data collected by midwater trawl during spring, summer and autumn. Protomyctophum bolini was the most abundant species of the genus encountered throughout the Scotia Sea with the greatest concentrations occurring around the Antarctic Polar Front (APF). This species had a life cycle of 2+ years, but spatial differences in population structure were apparent as the I-group was absent from all regions south of the APF, suggesting that the species does not recruit in the Scotia Sea. Protomyctophum tenisoni occurred mostly in waters characteristic of the APF and was absent from the southern Scotia Sea. It had a limited size range, but there was clear size-related sexual dimorphism with males significantly larger than females. The species had a life cycle of c. 2 years, but the I-group (c. 1 year old, 1 November to 31 October the next year) occurred only in regions close to the APF suggesting that recruitment is restricted to these waters. A seasonal southward migration for P. choriodon is likely as the species occurred mostly to the south-west of South Georgia in summer, but extended to the sea-ice sectors in autumn. Protomyctophum choriodon had a life cycle of 4+ years in the Scotia Sea and the population was dominated by age classes >3 years old. Larval stages were absent during the surveys for all species. Diurnal variations in vertical distribution were apparent for all three species. Interspecific variations in diet were evident, but all species were primarily copepod feeders, with Metridia spp., Rhincalanus gigas and Calanus simillimus generally dominating their diet. Small euphausiids, principally Thysanoessa spp., were also an important component of their diets, particularly for P. choriodon which had the largest body size. The spatial and temporal variations in diet for both P. bolini and P. tenisoni were broadly consistent with underlying abundance patterns within the mesozooplankton community.