Simulating black carbon and dust and their radiative forcing in seasonal snow: a case study over North China with field campaign measurements
Simulating black carbon and dust and their radiative forcing in seasonal snow: a case study over North China with field campaign measurements
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DOI：
10.5194/acp-14-11475-2014
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发表时间：
2014-10
影响因子：
6.3
通讯作者：
Chun Zhao;Zhiyuan Hu;Y. Qian;L. Leung;Jianping Huang;Maoyi Huang;Jiming Jin;M. Flanner;Rudong Zhang;Hailong Wang;Huiping Yan;Zifeng Lu;D. Streets
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文献类型：
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作者：
Chun Zhao;Zhiyuan Hu;Y. Qian;L. Leung;Jianping Huang;Maoyi Huang;Jiming Jin;M. Flanner;Rudong Zhang;Hailong Wang;Huiping Yan;Zifeng Lu;D. Streets
抽象。一个最先进的区域模型，天气研究和预报（WRF）模型（Skamarock等人，2008）与化学组分（Chem）偶联（Grell等人，2005年），再加上雪，冰和气溶胶辐射（SNICAR）模型，其中包括最复杂的表示雪变质过程可用于气候研究。利用耦合模式模拟了2010年1 - 2月华北地区季节性降雪过程中的黑碳和沙尘浓度及其辐射强迫，并利用大量的野外观测资料对模式性能进行了评价。在一般情况下，模式模拟的BC和粉尘质量浓度的空间变异的顶部雪层（以下BCS和DSTS，分别）与观测结果是一致的。该模型一般适度低估BCS在清洁地区，但显着高估BCS在某些污染地区。大多数模型结果都在观测的不确定性范围内。模拟的BCS和DSTS在源区分别为> 5000 ng g−1和高达5 mg g−1时最高，并降低至
Abstract. A state-of-the-art regional model, the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model (Skamarock et al., 2008) coupled with a chemistry component (Chem) (Grell et al., 2005), is coupled with the snow, ice, and aerosol radiative (SNICAR) model that includes the most sophisticated representation of snow metamorphism processes available for climate study. The coupled model is used to simulate black carbon (BC) and dust concentrations and their radiative forcing in seasonal snow over North China in January–February of 2010, with extensive field measurements used to evaluate the model performance. In general, the model simulated spatial variability of BC and dust mass concentrations in the top snow layer (hereafter BCS and DSTS, respectively) are consistent with observations. The model generally moderately underestimates BCS in the clean regions but significantly overestimates BCS in some polluted regions. Most model results fall within the uncertainty ranges of observations. The simulated BCS and DSTS are highest with > 5000 ng g−1 and up to 5 mg g−1, respectively, over the source regions and reduce to