Review on Clustering, Coverage and Connectivity in Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks: A Communication Techniques Perspective
Review on Clustering, Coverage and Connectivity in Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks: A Communication Techniques Perspective
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DOI：
10.1109/access.2017.2713640
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发表时间：
2017-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
Kumar, Vinay
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Sandeep, D. N.;Kumar, Vinay
由于探索和利用海洋资源的范围广泛，水下无线传感器网络（UWSN）领域正吸引着研究人员越来越多的兴趣。由于实时远程数据监测的要求，水声传感器网络（UASN）在很大程度上成为首选网络。在UASN中，能源资源的有限可用性和不可充电性以及部署的用于能量补充的传感器节点相对难以访问，使得多种能源优化技术的发展成为必要。集群就是这样一种技术，它可以提高系统的可扩展性并降低能耗。除了聚类之外，覆盖和连接性是决定 UWSN 中由于水下环境不稳定而感兴趣的事件的正确检测和通信的两个重要属性。水下通信也可以通过射频、磁感应和水下自由空间光学等非声学通信技术实现。在本文中，我们调查了 UASN 的集群、覆盖和连接问题，并定性比较了它们的性能。特别是，展示了这些非常规通信技术对集群、覆盖和连接方面的影响。此外，我们还强调了一些与 UWSN 相关的关键未决问题。本文提供了基于声学通信的现有聚类、覆盖和连接算法的广阔视野。它还从各种其他通信技术的角度为 UWSN 的研究人员提供了有用的指导。
With a wide scope to explore and harness the oceanic sources of interest, the field of underwater wireless sensor networks (UWSNs) is attracting a growing interest of researchers. Owing to the real-time remote data monitoring requirements, underwater acoustic sensor networks (UASNs) emerged as a preferred network to a great extent. In UASN, the limited availability and non-rechargeability of energy resources along with the relative inaccessibility of deployed sensor nodes for energy replenishments necessitated the evolution of several energy optimization techniques. Clustering is one such technique that increases system scalability and reduces energy consumption. Besides clustering, coverage and connectivity are two significant properties that decide the proper detection and communication of events of interest in UWSN due to unstable underwater environment. Underwater communication is also possible with non-acoustic communication techniques like radio frequency, magnetic induction, and underwater free-space optics. In this paper, we surveyed clustering, coverage, and connectivity issues of UASN and qualitatively compared their performance. Particularly, the impact of these non-conventional communication techniques on clustering, coverage, and connectivity aspects is demonstrated. Additionally, we highlighted some key open issues related to the UWSN. This paper provides a broad view of existing algorithms of clustering, coverage, and connectivity based on acoustic communication. It also provides a useful guidance to the researchers in UWSN from various other communication techniques' perspective.