Valence-based age differences in medial prefrontal activity during impression formation
Valence-based age differences in medial prefrontal activity during impression formation
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DOI：
10.1080/17470919.2013.832373
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发表时间：
2013-09-01
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Gutchess, Angela H.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cassidy, Brittany S.;Leshikar, Eric D.;Gutchess, Angela H.
与年龄相关的变化，内侧前额叶皮层（mPFC）的活动在社会认知任务的报告表明，年龄等效和招聘。情绪的工作说明选择性的mPFC反应依赖于效价，这样的负面情绪的图像引起腹侧mPFC活动增加的年轻人，而老年人招募vmPFC更多的积极材料。通过测试这种对有价材料的不同年龄相关反应是否也存在于形成印象的社会任务中，我们可以开始理解文献中关于年龄差异存在与不存在的不一致性。使用功能磁共振成像，参与者有意形成积极和消极的面孔行为对的印象，以期待记忆任务。将以前的研究结果扩展到社会任务，基于价的反转存在于背侧和腹侧mPFC和后扣带皮层。年轻人在形成负面印象时会引起更多的活动，而老年人在形成积极印象时会有更多的招聘。这表明，与年龄相关的转向强调积极的社会信息可能反映在招聘的地区支持形成的印象。总体而言，结果表明，与年龄相关的转变，神经反应的社会认知刺激，是效价依赖，而不是一般的年龄相关的活动减少，在一定程度上通知以前的文献中的不一致。
Reports of age-related changes to medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) activity during socio-cognitive tasks have shown both age-equivalence and under recruitment. Emotion work illustrates selective mPFC response dependent on valence, such that negative emotional images evoke increased ventral mPFC activity for younger adults, while older adults recruit vmPFC more for positive material. By testing whether this differential age-related response toward valenced material is also present for the social task of forming impressions, we may begin to understand inconsistencies regarding when age differences are present vs. absent in the literature. Using fMRI, participants intentionally formed impressions of positive and negative face-behavior pairs in anticipation of a memory task. Extending previous findings to a social task, valence-based reversals were present in dorsal and ventral mPFC, and posterior cingulate cortex. Younger adults elicited increased activity when forming negative impressions, while older adults had more recruitment when forming positive impressions. This suggests an age-related shift toward emphasizing positive social information may be reflected in the recruitment of regions supporting forming impressions. Overall, the results indicate an age-related shift in neural response to socio-cognitive stimuli that is valence dependent rather than a general age-related reduction in activity, in part informing prior inconsistencies within the literature.