Networked FDI: Sales and Sourcing Patterns of Japanese Foreign Affiliates
Networked FDI: Sales and Sourcing Patterns of Japanese Foreign Affiliates
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DOI：
10.1111/twec.12116
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发表时间：
2012-05
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
R. Baldwin;Toshihiro Okubo
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
R. Baldwin;Toshihiro Okubo
本文基于yeapple的复杂FDI概念，采用一种新的实证方法来表征子公司的横向性和纵向性。在其最简单的形式中，横向是用附属公司在当地的销售份额来衡量，而纵向是用它们在非本地中间体采购中的份额来衡量。日本在大多数行业和国家的子公司是部分垂直和部分水平的，但在北美的子公司比在欧盟和亚洲的子公司更“水平”。从1996年到2005年，子公司变得更加垂直。销售和采购的四方分割（主机、本地、区域和RoW）表明，附属公司在区域生产网络中扮演着节点的角色——尤其是在亚洲。我们提出了几个假设，可以用我们的经验方法进行测试。
This paper applies a novel empirical approach to characterising the horizontal-ness and vertical-ness of affiliates based on Yeaple's complex FDI concept. In its simplest form, horizontal-ness is measured as affiliates' local sales share while their vertical-ness is measures as their share of non-local sourcing of intermediates. Japanese affiliates in most sectors and nations are partly vertical and partly horizontal but those in North American are far more 'horizontal' than those in the EU and Asia. Affiliates became more vertical between 1996 and 2005. A four-way sales and sourcing split (host, home, regional and RoW) suggests that affiliates act as nodes in regional production networks - especially in Asia. We posit several hypotheses that could be tested with our empirical approach.