Conditioned defeat in male and female Syrian hamsters
Conditioned defeat in male and female Syrian hamsters
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DOI：
10.1016/j.yhbeh.2003.05.001
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发表时间：
2003-09-01
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Jasnow, AM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Huhman, KL;Solomon, MB;Jasnow, AM
在雄性叙利亚仓鼠（Mesocricetus auratus）中短暂暴露于社会失败导致了随后被击败的动物所表现出的对抗行为的深刻变化。在一个具有攻击性的同类的家笼中失败后，雄性仓鼠随后将无法保卫它们的家领地，即使入侵者是一个较小的、非攻击性的雄性。这种现象被称为条件性失败。在实验1中，我们通过反复测试（每3-5天）用非攻击性入侵者击败仓鼠来检查条件性失败的持续时间。我们发现，条件性失败发生在所有失败的雄性仓鼠，并持续了一段较长的时间（至少33天），在大多数雄性仓鼠测试，尽管事实上，这些动物从来没有攻击的非侵略性入侵者。在实验2中，我们研究了条件性失败是否可以诱导雌性叙利亚仓鼠。虽然条件性失败发生在一些女性，他们只表现出低水平的顺从/防御行为，与男性相比，条件性失败反应并没有持续超过第一次测试。这些结果表明，在雄性仓鼠的条件性失败是一个深刻的，持久的行为变化的特点是完全没有领土的侵略和频繁显示的顺从和防御行为。相反，雌性仓鼠的社会失败似乎不会引起长期的行为变化。最后，在实验3中，我们确定，血浆促肾上腺皮质激素样免疫反应性增加的女性社会失败的方式类似于男性，这表明不同的行为反应的男性和女性是不是由于性别差异的释放，或响应，血浆促肾上腺皮质激素。(C)2003年爱思唯尔公司All rights reserved.
A brief exposure to social defeat in male Syrian hamsters (Mesocricetus auratus) leads to profound changes in the subsequent agonistic behavior exhibited by the defeated animals. Following defeat in the home cage of an aggressive conspecific, male hamsters will subsequently fail to defend their home territory even if the intruder is a smaller, nonaggressive male. This phenomenon has been called conditioned defeat. In Experiment 1, we examined the duration of conditioned defeat by repeatedly testing (every 3-5 days) defeated hamsters with a nonaggressive intruder. We found that conditioned defeat occurs in all defeated male hamsters and persists for a prolonged period of time (at least 33 days) in the majority of male hamsters tested despite the fact that these animals are never attacked by the nonaggressive intruders. In Experiment 2, we examined whether conditioned defeat could be induced in female Syrian hamsters. While conditioned defeat occurred in some females, they displayed only low levels of submissive/defensive behavior and, in contrast to males, the conditioned defeat response did not persist beyond the first test. These results suggest that in male hamsters conditioned defeat is a profound, persistent behavioral change characterized by a total absence of territorial aggression and by the frequent display of submissive and defensive behaviors. Conversely, social defeat in female hamsters does not appear to induce long-term behavioral changes. Finally, in Experiment 3, we determined that plasma adrenocorticotropin-like immunoreactivity increases in females following social defeat in a manner similar to that seen in males, suggesting that the disparate behavioral reactions of males and,females are not due to sex differences in the release of, or response to, plasma adrenocorticotropin. (C) 2003 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.