Health insurance coverage of immigrants living in the United States: Differences by citizenship status and country of origin
Health insurance coverage of immigrants living in the United States: Differences by citizenship status and country of origin
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DOI：
10.2105/ajph.90.6.917
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发表时间：
2000-06-01
影响因子：
12.7
通讯作者：
Shea, S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Carrasquillo, O;Carrasquillo, AI;Shea, S
目标。这项研究考察了非美国公民移民以及居住在美国的移民人数最多的 16 个国家的个人的健康保险覆盖率。方法。我们分析了 1998 年当前人口调查的数据，使用逻辑回归来标准化按原籍国列出的雇主资助保险率。结果。 1997年，有1670万移民不是美国公民。在非公民中，43% 的儿童和 12% 的老年人缺乏医疗保险，而非移民儿童和非移民老年人的这一比例分别为 14% 和 1%。大约 50% 的非公民全职工人拥有雇主资助的保险，而非移民全职工人的这一比例为 81%。来自危地马拉、墨西哥、萨尔瓦多、海地、韩国和越南的移民最有可能没有保险。在全职工作的移民中，社会人口统计和就业特征是雇主健康保险差异的主要原因。对于中美洲移民来说，法律地位可能会导致高无保险率。结论。非美国公民的移民获得雇主资助的健康保险或政府保险的可能性要小得多； 44% 没有保险。关于医疗保险改革和提高覆盖范围的持续辩论需要将注意力集中在这一群体上。
Objectives. This study examined health insurance coverage among immigrants who are not US citizens and among individuals from the 16 countries with the largest number of immigrants living in the United Stales.Methods. We analyzed data from the 1998 Current Population Survey, using logistic regression to standardize rates of employer-sponsored coverage by country of origin.Results. In 1997, 16.7 million immigrants were not US citizens. Among noncitizens, 43% of children and 12% of elders lacked health insurance, compared with 14% of nonimmigrant children and 1% of nonimmigrant: elders. Approximately 50% of noncitizen full-time workers had employer-sponsored coverage, compared with 81% of nonimmigrant full-time workers. Immigrants from Guatemala, Mexico, El Salvador, Haiti, Korea, and Vietnam were the most likely to be uninsured. Among immigrants who worked full-time, sociodemographic and employment characteristics accounted for most of the variation in employer health insurance. For Central American immigrants, legal status may play a role in high uninsurance rates.Conclusions. Immigrants who are not US citizens are much less likely to receive employer-sponsored health insurance or government coverage; 44% are uninsured. Ongoing debates on health insurance reform and efforts to improve coverage will need to focus attention on this group.