Characteristics of adolescents aged 15-19 years living with vertically and horizontally acquired HIV in Nampula, Mozambique.
Characteristics of adolescents aged 15-19 years living with vertically and horizontally acquired HIV in Nampula, Mozambique.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0250218
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发表时间：
2021
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Abrams EJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Teasdale CA;Brittain K;Zerbe A;Mellins CA;Falcao J;Couto A;Pimentel De Gusmao E;Vitale M;Kapogiannis B;Simione TB;Myer L;Mantell J;Desmond C;Abrams EJ
全球范围内，15 - 19岁的感染艾滋病毒的青少年（ALHIV）在所有艾滋病毒感染者中所占比例不断增加，这一群体包括垂直感染艾滋病毒（AVH）的青少年和行为感染艾滋病毒（ABH）的青少年。
2019年，我们在莫桑比克楠普拉的三个政府卫生机构对一个方便抽样的感染艾滋病毒的青少年进行了一项调查，以了解其社会人口特征、教育状况、健康史以及抗逆转录病毒治疗（ART）的依从性。15 - 19岁正在接受抗逆转录病毒治疗的感染艾滋病毒的青少年，包括接受产前护理的女性，均符合条件。从病历中提取常规的艾滋病毒护理数据。根据传播方式对感染艾滋病毒的青少年进行分类是基于病历和调查数据。在15岁之前开始接受抗逆转录病毒治疗或报告无性行为的感染艾滋病毒的青少年被视为垂直感染；其他所有为行为感染。通过卡方检验、费舍尔精确检验和威尔科克森秩和检验，按性别以及在性别内按传播方式（垂直感染与行为感染）比较频率。
在208名感染艾滋病毒的青少年中，143名（69%）为女性，中位年龄为18岁[四分位间距（IQR）16 - 19]。略多于一半的感染艾滋病毒的青少年（53%）正在接受或已经完成中等或更高水平的教育；36%的女性报告的最常见的辍学原因是怀孕或生育。在所有感染艾滋病毒的青少年中，122名（59%）有病毒载量（VL）数据，其中62%的病毒载量<1000拷贝/毫升。几乎一半（46%）的感染艾滋病毒的青少年报告在过去一个月中漏服抗逆转录病毒药物≥1天（男性为62%，女性为39%；p = 0.003）。略多于一半（58%）有恋爱关系的感染艾滋病毒的青少年透露了自己的艾滋病毒感染状况：男性为13%，女性为69%（p<0.001）。在有性行为的男性中，61%报告在上次性行为中使用了避孕套，而女性这一比例为26%（p<0.001）。在女性感染艾滋病毒的青少年中，50名（35%）为垂直感染，93名（65%）为行为感染，其中67%没有上学，而行为感染的女性这一比例为16%（p<0.001）。
我们的研究数据强调了莫桑比克接受艾滋病毒护理的感染艾滋病毒的青少年的高度贫困状况，以及按性别和传播方式存在的重要差异。这些数据可为针对这一复杂而重要的群体制定有效的干预措施提供信息。
Adolescents living with HIV (ALHIV) 15–19 years of age are a growing proportion of all people living with HIV globally and the population includes adolescents with vertically acquired HIV (AVH) and behaviorally acquired HIV (ABH). We conducted a survey to measure sociodemographic characteristics, educational status, health history, and antiretroviral therapy (ART) adherence among a convenience sample of ALHIV at three government health facilities in 2019 in Nampula, Mozambique. ALHIV 15–19 years on ART, including females attending antenatal care, were eligible. Routine HIV care data were extracted from medical charts. Classification of ALHIV by mode of transmission was based on medical charts and survey data. ALHIV who initiated ART <15 years or reported no sex were considered AVH; all others ABH. Frequencies were compared by sex, and within sex, by mode of transmission (AVH vs. ABH) using Chi-square, Fishers exact tests and Wilcoxon rank-sum tests. Among 208 ALHIV, 143 (69%) were female and median age was 18 years [interquartile range (IQR) 16–19]. Just over half of ALHIV (53%) were in or had completed secondary or higher levels of education; the most common reason for not being in school reported by 36% of females was pregnancy or having a child. Of all ALHIV, 122 (59%) had VL data, 62% of whom were <1000 copies/mL. Almost half (46%) of ALHIV reported missing ARVs ≥ 1 day in the past month (62% of males vs. 39% of females; p = 0.003). Just over half (58%) of ALHIV in relationships had disclosed their HIV status: 13% of males vs. 69% of females (p<0.001). Among sexually active males, 61% reported using a condom at last sex compared to 26% of females (p<0.001). Among female ALHIV, 50 (35%) were AVH and 93 (65%) were ABH, 67% of whom were not in school compared to 16% of ABH, (p<0.001). Data from our study underscore the high level of deprivation among ALHIV enrolled in HIV care in Mozambique, as well as important disparities by sex and mode of transmission. These data can inform the development of effective interventions for this complex and important population.
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影响因子：
6
作者：
Bijker R;Jiamsakul A;Kityo C;Kiertiburanakul S;Siwale M;Phanuphak P;Akanmu S;Chaiwarith R;Wit FW;Sim BL;Boender TS;Ditangco R;Rinke De Wit TF;Sohn AH;Hamers RL
通讯作者：
Hamers RL
DOI：
10.1080/14681811.2017.1370368
发表时间：
2018-01-01
影响因子：
1.9
作者：
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影响因子：
6
作者：
Kim MH;Mazenga AC;Yu X;Ahmed S;Paul ME;Kazembe PN;Abrams EJ
通讯作者：
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影响因子：
3.6
作者：
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通讯作者：
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影响因子：
3.7
作者：
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通讯作者：
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