Basal metabolic rate studies in humans: measurement and development of new equations
Basal metabolic rate studies in humans: measurement and development of new equations
复制标题
DOI：
10.1079/phn2005801
复制
发表时间：
2005-10-01
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Henry, CJK
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Henry, CJK
目的：为了便利1981年在罗马举行的粮食及农业组织/世界卫生组织/联合国大学关于能量和蛋白质需求的联合专家协商会议，斯科菲尔德等人审查了文献，并提出了以下年龄段男女的预测公式：0-3岁、3-10岁、10-18岁、18-30岁、30-60岁和> 60岁。这些构成了1985年粮农组织/世卫组织/联合国大学文件《能量和蛋白质需要量》中所用方程的基础。虽然斯科菲尔德的分析在重新确立使用基础代谢率（BMR）预测人类能量需要量的重要性方面发挥了重要作用，但最近的工作者随后质疑这些方程的普遍有效性和应用。对最近（1980-2000年）关于生物多样性死亡率的研究的调查表明，在大多数情况下，粮农组织/卫生组织/联合国大学目前的预测公式高估了许多社区的生物多样性死亡率。粮农组织/世界卫生组织/联合国大学预测BMR的方程是使用包含大量意大利受试者（7173名受试者中有3388名（47%））的数据库开发的。斯科菲尔德数据库包含的热带地区的研究对象相对较少。本文的目的是回顾BMR测量和应用的历史发展，并对斯科菲尔德等人的BMR数据库进行批判性回顾，该数据库提出了一系列新的公式来预测BMR。设计：这种划分虽然武断，将使希望省略BMR的历史回顾的读者能够专注于新的BMR方程的演变。设置：BMR数据来源于已发表的数据和实测数据。主题：一系列新方程使用10552个BMR值的数据集（1）排除所有意大利受试者和（2）包括来自热带地区的大量（4018）人，开发了一个新的BMR模型（牛津方程）。在一般情况下，牛津方程倾向于产生较低的BMR值比目前的FAO/WHO/UNU方程在18-30和30-60岁的男性和所有女性超过18岁的age.Conclusions：这是一个适当的时机来重新审视的作用和地方的BMR测量估计总能量需求的今天。牛津方程的未来使用和应用肯定取决于它们更准确地预测当代人群的基础代谢率的能力。
Objective: To facilitate the Food and Agriculture Organization/World Health Organization/United Nations University Joint (FAO/WHO/UNU) Expert Consultation on Energy and Protein Requirements which met in Rome in 1981, Schofield et al. reviewed the literature and produced predictive equations for both sexes for the following ages: 0-3, 3-10, 10-18, 18-30, 30-60 and > 60 years. These formed the basis for the equations used in 1985 FAO/WHO/UNU document, Energy and Protein Requirements.While Schofield's analysis has served a significant role in re-establishing the importance of using basal metabolic rate (BMR) to predict human energy requirements, recent workers have subsequently queried the universal validity and application of these equations. A survey of the most recent studies (1980-2000) in BMR suggests that in most cases the current FAO/WHO/UNU predictive equations overestimate BMR in many communities. The FAO/WHO/UNU equations to predict BMR were developed using a database that contained a disproportionate number - 3388 out of 7173 (47%) - of Italian subjects. The Schofield database contained relatively few subjects from the tropical region.The objective here is to review the historical development in the measurement and application of BMR and to critically review the Schofield et al. BMR database presenting a series of new equations to predict BMR.Design: This division, while arbitrary, will enable readers who wish to omit the historical review of BMR to concentrate on the evolution of the new BMR equations.Setting: BMR data collected from published and measured values.Subjects: A series of new equations (Oxford equations) have been developed using a data set of 10 552 BMR values that (1) excluded all the Italian subjects and (2) included a much larger number (4018) of people from the tropics.Results: In general, the Oxford equations tend to produce lower BMR values than the current FAO/WHO/UNU equations in 18-30 and 30-60 year old males and in all females over 18 years of age.Conclusions: This is an opportune moment to re-examine the role and place of BMR measurements in estimating total energy requirements today. The Oxford equations' future use and application will surely depend on their ability to predict more accurately the BMR in contemporary populations.