A causal model relating urban form with daily travel distance through activity/travel decisions
A causal model relating urban form with daily travel distance through activity/travel decisions
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DOI：
10.1080/03081060902861285
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发表时间：
2009-04
影响因子：
1.6
通讯作者：
K. Maat;H. Timmermans
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
K. Maat;H. Timmermans
人们通常认为城市形态会影响出行距离。然而，由于这本身不是出行选择，而是其他决策的结果，因此本文与基于活动的方法一致，测试了一个因果模型，该模型不直接将城市形态与日常出行距离联系起来，而是通过一系列决策间接联系起来。建立了包含居住环境和工作环境的城市形态测度的结构方程模型。该模型表明，间接效应可以将总效应转向另一个方向，这表明一个变量对另一个变量的明显影响可以是相反影响的权衡。居住密度的影响表明，居住在密集居住环境中的人旅行的时间会少一些，尽管这种影响会被额外的活动部分抵消。工作场所的密度/混合增加了每天的总距离，但减少了汽车的距离。
Abstract Urban form is often assumed to influence travel distance. However, as this is no travel choice in itself, but the consequence of other decisions, this paper tests, consistent with the activity-based approach, a causal model that does not relate urban form directly with daily travel distance, but indirectly through a series of decisions. A structural equation model was developed with urban form measures for both the residential and the work environment. The model demonstrates that indirect effects can steer a total effect in another direction, indicating that the apparent effects of one variable on another can be the trade-off of opposite effects. Effects from residential density suggest that people in a dense residential environment travel a little less, although this effect is partly cancelled out by extra activities. Workplace density/mix increases total daily distances, but decreases distances by car.