The enigmatic role of mast cells in dominant tolerance.
The enigmatic role of mast cells in dominant tolerance.
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DOI：
10.1097/mot.0b013e32832ce87a
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发表时间：
2009-08
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Noelle RJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
de Vries VC;Pino-Lagos K;Elgueta R;Noelle RJ
调节性T细胞（Treg）在外周免疫耐受中的作用在移植研究中已被广泛研究。近年来，研究发现肥大细胞在同种异体移植免疫耐受中起着不可或缺的作用。本文综述了肥大细胞在显性免疫耐受中的作用，并重点介绍了肥大细胞与Treg的相互作用。需要肥大细胞通过Treg维持外周耐受性。Treg通过OX 40与其配体OX 40 L相互作用的接触依赖性机制以及通过产生可溶性因子如白细胞介素-10和转化生长因子-β来稳定肥大细胞脱粒。相反，肥大细胞的活化和随后的脱粒破坏外周耐受。肥大细胞和Treg都需要在移植物中创造局部免疫抑制环境。Treg不仅是抑制效应T细胞应答所必需的，而且是稳定肥大细胞所必需的。肥大细胞通过释放转化生长因子-β、白细胞介素-10和特异性蛋白酶而促进免疫抑制状态。然而，器官移植中肥大细胞控制Treg抑制的分子基础仍然没有得到解决。
The role of regulatory T cells (Treg) in peripheral tolerance has been studied extensively in transplantation research. Recently, mast cells have been shown to play an indispensable role in allograft tolerance. The purpose of this review is to inform the reader on the current standings of the role of mast cells in dominant tolerance with an emphasis on the interaction of mast cells with Treg. Mast cells are required to sustain peripheral tolerance via Treg. Treg can stabilize mast cells degranulation by contact-dependent mechanisms through the interaction of OX40 and its ligand OX40L, and by production of soluble factors, such as interleukin-10 and transforming growth factor-β. Conversely, the activation and subsequent degranulation of mast cells break peripheral tolerance. Both mast cells and Treg are needed to create a local immunosuppressive environment in the transplant. Treg are not only necessary to suppress effector T-cell responses but also to stabilize mast cells. Mast cells in return could contribute to the immunosuppressive state by release of transforming growth factor-β, interleukin-10 and specific proteases. However, the molecular basis for mast cells control of Treg suppression in organ transplantation is still unresolved.