Microbial basis of Fusarium wilt suppression by Allium cultivation
Microbial basis of Fusarium wilt suppression by Allium cultivation
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DOI：
10.1038/s41598-018-37559-7
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发表时间：
2019-02-08
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Shimizu, Masafumi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Nishioka, Tomoki;Marian, Malek;Shimizu, Masafumi
轮作和间作葱属植物可抑制多种作物的枯萎病。然而，这种现象背后的机制还没有完全阐明。本研究旨在探讨生长在洋葱根际的微生物和洋葱根部产生的抗真菌化合物在洋葱栽培抑制枯萎病中的作用。大葱(大葱和/或洋葱)栽培土壤对黄瓜枯萎病的抑制作用和对病原菌增殖的抑制作用在60℃时被消除，而大葱根提取物的抑制作用在40℃时消失。抗菌抗生素的加入消除了大葱栽培土壤对病原菌增殖的抑制作用，表明拮抗革兰氏阴性菌对土壤的抑制作用。Illumina MiSeq对16S rRNA基因扩增序列的分析表明，黄杆菌属是优势菌群，优势菌群优先积累在洋葱根际。从这些葱属植物根际土壤中回收的黄杆菌对黄瓜幼苗的枯萎病有抑制作用。此外，激光共聚焦扫描显微镜显示，黄杆菌菌株抑制了病原菌在土壤中的增殖。综上所述，我们推测拮抗黄杆菌的积累在葱栽培抑制枯萎病中起着关键作用。
Crop rotation and intercropping with Allium plants suppresses Fusarium wilt in various crops. However, the mechanisms underlying this phenomenon have not been fully elucidated. This study was designed to assess the role of microorganisms inhabiting Allium rhizospheres and antifungal compounds produced by Allium roots in Fusarium wilt suppression by Allium cultivation. Suppression of cucumber Fusarium wilt and the pathogen multiplication by Allium (Welsh onion and/or onion)-cultivated soils were eliminated by heat treatment at 60 degrees C, whereas those by Welsh onion-root extract were lost at 40 degrees C. The addition of antibacterial antibiotics eliminated the suppressive effect of Welsh onion-cultivated soil on pathogen multiplication, suggesting the contribution of antagonistic gram-negative bacteria to the soil suppressiveness. The Illumina MiSeq sequencing of 16S rRNA gene amplicons revealed that genus Flavobacterium was the predominant group that preferentially accumulated in Allium rhizospheres. Flavobacterium species recovered from the rhizosphere soils of these Allium plants suppressed Fusarium wilt on cucumber seedlings. Furthermore, confocal laser scanning microscopy revealed that Flavobacterium isolates inhibited the multiplication of the pathogen in soil. Taken together, we infer that the accumulation of antagonistic Flavobacterium species plays a key role in Fusarium wilt suppression by Allium cultivation.