Area-wide urban traffic calming schemes: a meta-analysis of safety effects
Area-wide urban traffic calming schemes: a meta-analysis of safety effects
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DOI：
10.1016/s0001-4575(00)00046-4
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发表时间：
2001-05-01
影响因子：
5.9
通讯作者：
Elvik, R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Elvik, R
本文对33项研究进行了荟萃分析，这些研究评估了区域范围内城市交通平静计划对道路安全的影响。区域范围的城市交通平静计划通常在城镇的居民区实施，以减少道路交通造成的环境和安全问题。当局会建立一个分级道路系统，并透过封闭街道或单程系统等方法，消除住宅区街道的直通交通。减速装置通常安装在住宅街道上。主要道路得到改善，以便在不增加延误或更多事故的情况下承载更大的交通量。荟萃分析表明，区域范围内的城市交通平静计划平均减少了约15%的伤害事故数量。住宅区街道的交通意外数字下降幅度最大（约25%），主要道路的下降幅度稍小（约10%）。仅造成财产损失的事故数量也有类似的减少。评价研究的结果在研究设计方面是稳健的。在评价研究中没有证据表明存在发表偏倚。研究结果具有较高的外部效度。(C)2001爱思唯尔科技有限公司版权所有。
This paper presents a meta-analysis of 33 studies that have evaluated the effects on road safety of area-wide urban traffic calming schemes. Area-wide urban traffic calming schemes are typically implemented in residential areas in towns in order to reduce the environmental and safety problems caused by road traffic. A hierarchical road system is established and through traffic is removed from residential streets by means of, for example, street closures or one-way systems. Speed reducing devices are often installed in residential streets. Main roads are improved in order to carry a larger traffic volume without additional delays or more accidents. The meta-analysis shows that area-wide urban traffic calming schemes on the average reduce the number of injury accidents by about 15%. The largest reduction in the number of accidents is found for residential streets (about 25%), a somewhat smaller reduction is found for main roads (about 10%). Similar reductions are found in the number of property damage only accidents. The results of evaluation studies are robust with respect to study design. There is no evidence of publication bias in evaluation studies. Study findings are found to have high external validity. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.