Alcohol, Smoking, Cofee, and Cirrhosis
Alcohol, Smoking, Cofee, and Cirrhosis
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酒精、吸烟、咖啡和肝硬化
DOI：
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发表时间：
1992
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
M. Armstrong
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
A. Klatsky;M. Armstrong
由于大多数酗酒者不会发展为酒精性肝硬变，其他原因或诱因也是可能的。作者研究了1978年1月至1985年12月在加州奥克兰和旧金山凯撒永久医疗保健计划机构接受健康检查的128,934名成年人的特征与随后住院或死于肝硬变的关系。在调整了9个协变量的分析中，过去和现在饮酒与肝硬化风险密切相关，但通常选择的酒精饮料没有独立的关系。吸烟与酒精性肝硬变的风险独立相关，每天吸烟一包或更多的人患酒精性肝硬化的风险是终身不吸烟者的三倍。喝咖啡而不是喝茶与酒精性肝硬变的风险呈负相关，每天喝四杯或更多咖啡的人的风险是不喝咖啡的人的五分之一。咖啡消费量和酒精性肝硬变风险之间的这种负相关关系在许多亚组中是一致的，包括没有胃肠道疾病的人和住院或死亡前5年或更长时间的人。吸烟和喝咖啡与非酒精性肝硬变的住院或死亡风险并不一致。这些数据可能意味着吸烟会促进酒精性肝硬变，喝咖啡可能会起到保护作用。
Since most heavy drinkers do not develop alcoholic cirrhosis, other causes or predisposing factors are probable. The authors studied traits of 128,934 adults who underwent health examinations at the Oakland and San Francisco, California, facilities of the Kaiser Permanente Medical Care Program from January 1978 to December 1985 in relation to subsequent hospitalization or death from cirrhosis of the liver. In analyses adjusted for nine covariates, past and current alcohol drinking were strongly related to cirrhosis risk, but usual choice of alcoholic beverage had no independent relation. Cigarette smoking was independently related to risk of alcoholic cirrhosis, with cigarette smokers of a pack or more per day at trebled risk compared with lifelong nonsmokers. Coffee drinking, but not tea drinking, was inversely related to alcoholic cirrhosis risk, with persons who drank four or more cups per day at one-fifth the risk of noncoffee drinkers. This inverse relation between coffee consumption and risk of alcoholic cirrhosis was consistent in many subsets, including persons free of gastrointestinal disease and those with 5 or more years before hospitalization or death. Cigarette smoking and coffee consumption were not consistently related to risk of hospitalization or death for nonalcoholic cirrhosis. These data could mean that cigarette smoking promotes alcoholic cirrhosis and that coffee drinking might be protective.