Actively moving polymers
Actively moving polymers
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DOI：
10.1039/b610611k
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发表时间：
2007-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Lendlein, Andreas
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Behl, Marc;Lendlein, Andreas
聚合物响应外部刺激（例如热或光）而主动移动的能力具有高度的科学和技术意义。在任何情况下，分子水平上的刺激响应效应被转换为宏观运动，因此通常必须区分基于聚合物的材料的两种不同的运动行为：形状记忆效应和形状改变能力。介绍了形状记忆聚合物的分子设计和定制编程过程的基本概念。描述了聚合物的热致形状记忆效应，以及将这一概念扩展到热以外的其他刺激。间接驱动的热诱导效应的红外线照射，电流，湿度或交变磁场的概述，以及最近的工作光诱导形状记忆聚合物。对于形状变化的聚合物，提出了两个基本概念：液晶弹性体（LCE）的相取向过程中发生的形状变化和光机械效应的基础上的光异构化的部分，如偶氮基团纳入合适的聚合物系统。
The ability of polymers to move actively in response to an external stimulus such as heat or light is of high scientific and technological significance. In any instance stimuli-responsive effects on the molecular level are converted into macroscopic movement, whereby generally two different moving behaviors have to be differentiated for polymer-based materials: the shape-memory effect and the shape-changing capability. Basic concepts for the molecular design of suitable polymer architectures for shape-memory polymers as well as tailored programming processes are presented. The thermally-induced shape-memory effect of polymers is described as well as the extension of this concept to other stimuli than heat. Indirect actuation of the thermally-induced effect by IR-irradiation, electric current, humidity or alternating magnetic fields are outlined as well as recent work on light-induced shape-memory polymers. For shape-changing polymers, two basic concepts are presented: shape changes occurring during phase orientation of liquid crystal elastomers ( LCE) and the photomechanical effect based on photoisomerization of moieties, such as azo-groups incorporated in suitable polymer systems.