State of the Art in Preservation of Fluid Biospecimens
State of the Art in Preservation of Fluid Biospecimens
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DOI：
10.1089/bio.2010.0034
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发表时间：
2011-01-01
影响因子：
1.6
通讯作者：
Zhong, Xiao
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hubel, Allison;Aksan, Alptekin;Zhong, Xiao
液体生物标记物(血液、血清、尿液、唾液、脑脊液和支气管灌洗液)不仅含有细胞和亚细胞成分，而且还含有蛋白质、酶、脂类、代谢物和多肽，它们被用作生物标志物。获得高质量的生物标记物是发现生物标记物的必要条件。生物样品的质量取决于分析前变量(即收集和处理技术、冷冻/解冻稳定性和储存稳定性)，这些变量占诊断错误的60%-90%。目前，数以百万计的流体生物检验剂储存在全国数百个生物储存库中，每天都有数以万计的新生物检验剂被添加到池中。标本的稳定性是必须的，因为如果在室温下不处理，液体生物菌种会迅速降解。要获得高质量的流体生物样品，需要了解储存过程参数(如冷冻和解冻以及冷冻/冷冻保护剂添加剂)和储存条件对生物样品中所含生物标志物的影响。在本文中，我们将通过综述(A)当前在生物库/生物信息库中应用的保存和存储方法以及(B)某些生物标志物对当前存储技术的敏感性来讨论与特定生物液的稳定性有关的主要问题。
Fluid biospecimens (blood, serum, urine, saliva, cerebrospinal fluid and bronchial lavage fluid) contain not only cells and subcellular components, but also proteins, enzymes, lipids, metabolites, and peptides, which are utilized as biomarkers. Availability of high-quality biospecimens is a requirement for biomarker discovery. The quality of the biospecimens depends upon preanalytical variables (ie, collection and processing techniques, freeze/thaw stability, and storage stability), which account for >60%-90% of the diagnostic errors. Currently, millions of fluid biospecimens are stored in hundreds of biorepositories across the nation, and tens of thousands of new biospecimens are added to the pool daily. Specimen stabilization is imperative, because fluid biospecimens degrade quickly when kept untreated at room temperature. Achieving a high-quality fluid biospecimen requires understanding the effects of storage processing parameters (eg, freezing and thawing as well as cryo-/ lyoprotectant additives) and storage conditions on biomarkers contained within the biospecimens. In this article, we will discuss the main issues related to the stabilization of specific biofluids by reviewing (a) the current preservation and storage practices applied in biobanks/biorepositories and (b) the sensitivity of certain biomarkers to current storage techniques.