Why has unemployment risen in the New South Africa?
Why has unemployment risen in the New South Africa?
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1468-0351.2008.00340.x
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发表时间：
2008-01-01
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Woolard, Ingrid
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Banerjee, Abhijit;Galiani, Sebastian;Woolard, Ingrid
我们记录了南非自 1994 年转型以来失业率的上升情况。我们描述了劳动力供给的变化如何与停滞的劳动力需求相互作用，从而导致失业率在 2001 年至 2003 年期间达到顶峰。同时，部门层面的就业构成变化扩大了就业者与失业者的技能水平之间的差距。利用具有全国代表性的面板数据，我们发现稳定的失业率掩盖了劳动力市场地位中个人层面的高转变率。我们的分析强调了解决南非失业问题的几个关键制约因素。我们的结论是，失业率接近均衡水平，并且在没有政策干预的情况下不太可能自我纠正。
We document the rise in unemployment in South Africa since the transition in 1994. We describe how changes in labour supply interacted with stagnant labour demand to produce unemployment rates that peaked between 2001 and 2003. Meanwhile, compositional changes in employment at the sectoral level widened the gap between the skill-level of the employed and the unemployed. Using nationally representative panel data, we show that stable unemployment rates mask high individual-level transition rates in labour market status. Our analysis highlights several key constraints to addressing unemployment in South Africa. We conclude that unemployment is near equilibrium levels and is unlikely to self-correct without policy intervention.