Shear-Wave Elastography: Basic Physics and Musculoskeletal Applications
Shear-Wave Elastography: Basic Physics and Musculoskeletal Applications
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DOI：
10.1148/rg.2017160116
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发表时间：
2017-05-01
期刊：
影响因子：
5.5
通讯作者：
Witte, Russell S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Taljanovic, Mihra S.;Gimber, Lana H.;Witte, Russell S.
在过去的20年里，超声弹性成像已逐步被用作一种工具，以帮助评估软组织的弹性，并添加到传统的灰阶和多普勒超声技术获得的信息。最近在临床扫描仪上引入的剪切波弹性成像（SWE）被认为比压缩超声弹性成像更客观、定量和可重复，并越来越多地应用于肌肉骨骼系统。SWE使用声辐射力脉冲序列来产生剪切波，该剪切波垂直于超声波束传播，引起瞬态位移。剪切波速度在每个像素处的分布与剪切模量直接相关，剪切模量是组织弹性特性的绝对度量。剪切波图像与标准B型图像自动配准，以提供具有解剖特异性的定量彩色弹性图。剪切波通过较硬的收缩组织以及沿着肌腱和肌肉的长轴传播得更快。SWE在确定疾病严重程度和各种肌肉骨骼组织（包括肌腱、肌肉、神经和韧带）的治疗随访方面具有很好的作用。本文介绍了基本的超声物理学的SWE和它的应用程序中的各种创伤和病理条件的肌肉骨骼系统的评价。(C)RSNA，2017
In the past 2 decades, sonoelastography has been progressively used as a tool to help evaluate soft-tissue elasticity and add to information obtained with conventional gray-scale and Doppler ultrasonographic techniques. Recently introduced on clinical scanners, shear-wave elastography (SWE) is considered to be more objective, quantitative, and reproducible than compression sonoelastography with increasing applications to the musculoskeletal system. SWE uses an acoustic radiation force pulse sequence to generate shear waves, which propagate perpendicular to the ultrasound beam, causing transient displacements. The distribution of shear-wave velocities at each pixel is directly related to the shear modulus, an absolute measure of the tissue's elastic properties. Shear-wave images are automatically coregistered with standard B-mode images to provide quantitative color elastograms with anatomic specificity. Shear waves propagate faster through stiffer contracted tissue, as well as along the long axis of tendon and muscle. SWE has a promising role in determining the severity of disease and treatment follow-up of various musculoskeletal tissues including tendons, muscles, nerves, and ligaments. This article describes the basic ultrasound physics of SWE and its applications in the evaluation of various traumatic and pathologic conditions of the musculoskeletal system. (C) RSNA, 2017