Digital danger: a review of the global public health, patient safety and cybersecurity threats posed by illicit online pharmacies.
Digital danger: a review of the global public health, patient safety and cybersecurity threats posed by illicit online pharmacies.
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DOI：
10.1093/bmb/ldw016
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发表时间：
2016-06-01
影响因子：
6.7
通讯作者：
Nayyar, Gaurvika
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mackey, Tim K;Nayyar, Gaurvika
背景：随着电子商务的兴起，非法在线药店不断增多，这些药店在没有处方的情况下直接向消费者出售药品，威胁着全球患者的安全。尽管存在这种明显的威胁，但人们对关键风险特征、主要挑战以及当前的法律、监管和执法应对措施知之甚少。 数据来源：使用 PubMed、JSTOR 和 Google Scholar 对 1999 年至 2005 年期间搜索词“在线药房”、“互联网药房”、“网络药房”、“流氓药房”和“电子药房”的英文文献进行了审查。协议：非法在线药店是一个快速增长的公共卫生威胁，其特点是存在许多复杂且相互关联的风险因素。争议领域：面对技术的不断发展，导致这种形式的跨国网络犯罪，解决方案多种多样，而且其实用性值得怀疑。发展要点：法律、监管和技术解决方案必须解决整个非法在线药店生态系统才能发挥作用。需要及时开展研究的领域：迫切需要建立国际共识，开展更多研究并开发技术以打击非法网上药店。
BACKGROUND: Amidst the rise of e-commerce, there has been a proliferation of illicit online pharmacies that threaten global patient safety by selling drugs without a prescription directly to the consumer. Despite this clear threat, little is known about the key risk characteristics, central challenges and current legal, regulatory and law enforcement responses.SOURCES OF DATA: A review was conducted of the English literature with search terms 'online pharmacies', 'Internet pharmacies', 'cyber pharmacies', 'rogue pharmacies', and 'e-pharmacies' using PubMed, JSTOR, and Google Scholar from 1999-2005.AREAS OF AGREEMENT: Illicit online pharmacies are a rapidly growing public health threat and are characterized by a number of complex and interrelated risk factors.AREAS OF CONTROVERSY: Solutions are varied and are of questionable utility in the face of evolving technology that enables this form of transnational cybercrime.GROWING POINTS: Legal, regulatory and technology solutions must address the entire illicit online pharmacy ecosystem in order to be effective.AREAS TIMELY FOR DEVELOPING RESEARCH: There is a critical need to build international consensus, conduct additional research and develop technology to combat illicit online pharmacies.