HEMODYNAMICS OF BLOOD-PRESSURE RESPONSES DURING ACTIVE AND PASSIVE COPING
HEMODYNAMICS OF BLOOD-PRESSURE RESPONSES DURING ACTIVE AND PASSIVE COPING
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1469-8986.1990.tb03189.x
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发表时间：
1990-11-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
LIGHT, KC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
SHERWOOD, A;DOLAN, CA;LIGHT, KC
这项实验室研究旨在解决一些相互关联的问题，心血管反应的心理压力。一个目标是扩展以前的研究比较心血管反应，在主动与被动的应对，通过比较两个任务条件的反应，旨在以类似的方式，除了有机会作出反应，影响任务的结果。第二个目标是比较两种不同的被动电影任务，不同的结果的不确定性和程度的替代性积极应对通过识别所描绘的角色的演员。第三个目标是评估个体是否倾向于表现出特定的血液动力学模式，其基础是血压调节，独立于所施加的任务要求。90名健康的年轻成年男性受试者进行了一系列的任务，其中包括竞争性的反应时间任务，一个积极的，以及一个被动阶段的团队反应时间任务，和被动观看两个电影片段的配对测试。要求积极应对的任务往往会升高血压，主要是由于心输出量增加，而血管阻力下降。在被动应对的要求，心输出量增加到较小的程度，但血管阻力也往往增加，从而提高血压的协同效应。然而，这些模式并不是所有参与受试者的典型模式。根据他们对竞争性反应时间任务的心输出量和血管阻力反应，三分之一的受试者被归类为高心肌反应者（n = 30）和另外三分之一的高血管反应者（n = 31）。基于这些分类，对其他任务的反应进行事后分析表明，反应的血流动力学基础是一种个体特征，仅通过应对需求进行部分修改。主动/被动应对维度的概念和关系的压力在高血压病因的作用进行了讨论。
This laboratory study was designed to address a number of interrelated issues regarding cardiovascular reactivity to psychological stress. One objective was to extend the previous research comparing cardiovascular responses during active versus passive coping, by comparing responses to two task conditions designed to be similar in all ways except the opportunity to make a response influencing the task's outcome. A second objective was to compare responses to two different passive film tasks, which differed in outcome uncertainty and the degree of vicarious active coping achieved through identification with the role portrayed by the actors. A third objective was to evaluate whether individuals are predisposed to exhibit a particular hemodynamic pattern underlying their blood pressure adjustments, independently of the task demands imposed. Ninety healthy young adult male subjects were tested in pairs on a series of tasks that included a competitive reaction-time task, an active as well as a passive phase of a team reaction-time task, and passive viewing of two film segments. The tasks demanding active coping responses tended to raise blood pressure due primarily to an increase in cardiac output, while vascular resistance fell. During passive coping demands cardiac output increased to a lesser extent, but vascular resistance also tended to increase, thereby raising blood pressure by their synergistic effects. However, these patterns were not typical of all participating subjects. On the basis of their cardiac output and vascular resistance responses to the competitive reaction-time task, one third of the subjects were categorized as being high myocardial reactors (n = 30) and another third high vascular reactors (n = 31). Post-hoc analyses of responses to the other tasks, based on these categorizations, indicated that the hemodynamic basis of reactivity is an individual characteristic only partially modified by coping demands. The active/passive coping dimension is discussed both conceptually and in relation to the role of stress in the etiology of hypertension.