Magnetic resonance imaging of the thalamus and adhesio interthalamica in twins with schizophrenia
Magnetic resonance imaging of the thalamus and adhesio interthalamica in twins with schizophrenia
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DOI：
10.1001/archpsyc.64.4.401
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发表时间：
2007-04-01
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Murray, Robin M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ettinger, Ulrich;Picchioni, Marco;Murray, Robin M.
背景：丘脑异常被认为是精神分裂症病理生理学的核心。这些异常包括丘脑本身结构和形状的改变，以及可能的丘脑间粘连（或中间质）的改变，连接两个丘脑叶的灰质桥。然而，目前尚不清楚这些异常在多大程度上是由精神分裂症的遗传易感性决定的。目的：探讨同卵双胞胎（MZ）的丘脑体积和丘脑间粘连的存在。设计：MZ双胞胎的研究。环境：患者从住院和门诊抽取。双胞胎对照者从双胞胎志愿者登记簿和媒体广告中招募。参与者：共有123对双胞胎参与：19对患有精神分裂症的MZ双胞胎，15对患有精神分裂症的MZ双胞胎和16对患有非精神分裂症的MZ双胞胎，从17对患有精神分裂症的MZ双胞胎和27对没有精神分裂症的MZ双胞胎中抽取。各组根据年龄、性别、惯用手、教育水平、父母的社会经济地位和种族进行匹配。主要观察指标：测量丘脑（包括左右半球）的体积（以立方厘米为单位），并通过结构磁共振图像确定丘脑间粘连的存在。结果：与对照双胞胎相比，和谐双胞胎的丘脑体积显着减少，即使在全脑体积、年龄和性别共变的影响下也是如此。丘脑体积有显著的线性下降（对照组大于不和谐非精神分裂症大于不和谐精神分裂症-大于和谐）。各组右丘脑均大于左丘脑。两组间丘脑间粘连的发生频率无差异。结论：精神分裂症的丘脑体积异常发生在精神分裂症的双胞胎中。这些异常可能标志着在和谐双胞胎中看到的疾病的实质性遗传贡献，而精神分裂症的丘脑间粘连不太可能受到影响。
Context: Abnormalities of the thalamus are thought to be central to the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. These abnormalities include altered structure and shape of the thalamus itself and possibly changes to the adhesio interthalamica (or massa intermedia), the gray matter bridge connecting the 2 thalamic lobes. However, it is not clear to what extent these abnormalities are determined by the genetic liability for schizophrenia.Objective: To investigate thalamic volume and the presence of the adhesio interthalamica in monozygotic (MZ) twins concordant or discordant for schizophrenia.Design: Study of MZ twins. Setting: Patients were drawn from inpatient and outpatient clinics. Twin controls were recruited from a volunteer twin register and through media advertisements.Participants: A total of 123 twins participated: 19 MZ twin pairs concordant for schizophrenia, 15 MZ schizophrenic twins and 16 MZ nonschizophrenic twins drawn from 17 pairs discordant for schizophrenia, and 27 MZ twin pairs without schizophrenia. Groups were matched for age, sex, handedness, level of education, parental socioeconomic status, and ethnicity.Main Outcome Measures: The volume of the thalamus (including right and left hemispheres) was measured (in cubic centimeters) and the presence of the adhesio interthalamica was ascertained from structural magnetic resonance images.Results: Concordant twin pairs displayed significantly reduced thalamic volume compared with control twins, even when covarying for effects of whole-brain volume, age, and sex. There was a significant linear decrease in thalamic volume (controlgreater than discordant nonschizophrenic greater than discordant schizophrenic-greater than concordant). In all groups, right thalamus was larger than left thalamus. There was no difference across groups in the frequency of the adhesio interthalamica.Conclusions: Volumetric thalamic abnormalities in schizophrenia occur in twin pairs concordant for schizophrenia. These abnormalities may mark the substantial genetic contribution to the illness seen in concordant twin pairs, whereas the adhesio interthalamica is unlikely to be affected in schizophrenia.