Diagnóstico de la complejidad de los diseños y manejos de la biodiversidad en sistemas de producción agropecuaria en transición hacia la sostenibilidad y la resiliencia

Diagnóstico de la complejidad de los diseños y manejos de la biodiversidad en sistemas de producción agropecuaria en transición hacia la sostenibilidad y la resiliencia
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农业生产系统和可持续发展与恢复能力转变的生物多样性综合管理和管理诊断

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发表时间:
2013
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通讯作者:
L. V. Moreno
L. V. Moreno
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作者:
L. V. Moreno

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生物多样性被认为在农业生产系统的农业生态化转变过程中以及在提高对气候变化的适应能力方面至关重要。作为几年研究的结果,我们为诊断农业生态系统中生物多样性要素设计和管理的复杂性提出了新的建议。指标可分为6类:18个生产性生物多样性要素设计与管理指标(DMBPr),7个土壤管理与保持指标(MCS),5个水资源管理与保持指标(MCA),5个生产系统植物保护措施管理指标(MISRPr),15个辅助生物多样性要素设计与管理指标(DMBAu),14个相关生物多样性要素状态指标(EBAs)。通过对这些指标的测量,可以确定生物多样性管理系数(CMB),根据生产系统的复杂程度对生产系统进行分类,从而制定农业生态转换计划。在此,我们介绍了在两个相邻农场应用这一方法的结果:“La Provechosa”农场的CMB为2,35,鉴于其对生物多样性的设计和管理,被归类为“相当复杂”;“La Trocha”农场的CMB为1,3,因此被归类为:“简化”,因此需要一个多样化计划,从传统管理向农业生态管理过渡。
Biodiversity is considered essential in the process of agroecological conversion of agricultural production systems and in enhancing resilience to climatic change. As a result of several years of research, we offer a new proposal for the diagnosis of the complexity of the designs and management of the biodiversity elements in agroecosystems. 64 indicators have been generated that can be grouped in the following 6 categories: 18 indicators on design and management of the elements of productive biodiversity (DMBPr), 7 indicators on soil management and conservation (MCS), 5 on water management and conservation (MCA), 5 on management of the plant protec- tion interventions in productive systems (MISRPr), 15 on design and management of the elements of the auxiliary biodiversity (DMBAu) and 14 on the state of the elements of the associate biodiversity (EBAs).The measurement of these indicators allows one to determine the Coefficient of Biodiversity Management (CMB), to classify the production system regarding its level of complexity and thus elaborate an agroecological conversion plan. Herein we present the results of the application of this methodology on two neighboring farms:“La Provechosa”which obtained a CMB of 2,35, classified as “fairly complex” given its designs and management of biodiversity;“ La Trocha” with a CMB of 1,3 obtained and thus classified as:“Simplified”, therefore requiring a diversification plan to transition from conventional to agroecological management.