Demographic differences in patterns in the incidence of smoking cessation: United States 1950-1990
Demographic differences in patterns in the incidence of smoking cessation: United States 1950-1990
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DOI：
10.1016/s1047-2797(01)00266-6
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发表时间：
2002-04-01
影响因子：
5.6
通讯作者：
Pierce, JP
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gilpin, EA;Pierce, JP
目的：目前成功戒烟的措施对烟草控制活动引起的变化不敏感。我们评估了成功戒烟的发生率的变化，一种新的戒烟措施，是否可以告知政策制定者人口亚组responsed.METHODS：吸烟者从国家健康访谈调查（NHIS）（1965年至1992年，n 140，199）被用来确定目前的吸烟者有资格戒烟的人数在每年年初从1950年至1990年。戒烟发生率是针对不同人口统计学亚组计算的，是每年新成功戒烟的人数与有资格戒烟的人数的比率。结果：总体而言，发生率增加了五倍多，从1950年的< 1%增加到1990年仍然较低的5%。当吸烟的健康风险首次传播时，中年男性的戒烟率最高。年轻吸烟者的性别差异发生在20世纪60年代中期公共卫生运动开始后，因为吸烟对胎儿的危害被记录在案。年轻的成年吸烟者在20世纪70年代，也就是非吸烟者权利运动开始时，戒烟人数明显增加。中年非裔美国人的戒烟模式与白人相似，尽管水平要低得多。年轻的非裔美国人戒烟率低，直到1989年。发病率不同的受教育程度，无论年龄，在20世纪70年代和80年代，那些与一些大学戒烟incidentssignificant.CONCLUSION：戒烟的发病率是一个敏感的指标，相对短期的变化，成功戒烟的人口亚组，应促进评估工作。《流行病学年鉴》2002年; 12：141-150。(C)2002年爱思唯尔科学公司All rights reserved.
PURPOSE: Current measures of successful quitting are insensitive to changes induced by tobacco con, trol activities. We evaluated whether changes in the incidence of successful quitting, a new measure of cessation, can inform policy makers how population subgroups responded.METHODS: Smokers from National Health Interview Surveys (NHIS) (1965 through 1992, n 140,199) were used to determine the number of current smokers eligible to quit at the beginning of each year from 1950 through 1990. Incidence of quitting, computed for different demographic subgroups, was the ratio of those newly successfully quit each year to those eligible to quit.RESULTS: Overall, incidence increased over fivefold, from < 1% in 1950 to a still low 5% in 1990. When the health risks of smoking were first disseminated, middle-aged men had the highest quitting incidence. Gender differences in younger smokers occurred following the beginning of the public health campaign of the mid 1960s, as the dangers of smoking to the fetus were documented. Younger adult smokers appeared to increase quitting markedly in the 1970s, around the beginning of the nonsmokers' rights movement. Quitting patterns in middle-aged African Americans were similar to whites, although at much reduced levels. Younger African Americans had low quitting incidence until 1989. Incidence differed by educational attainment; regardless of age, during the 1970s and 1980s, those with some college increased their quitting incidence markedly.CONCLUSION: Incidence of quitting is a sensitive indicator of relatively short-term changes in successful quitting in population subgroups and should facilitate evaluation efforts. Ann Epidemiol 2002; 12:141-150. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Inc. All rights reserved.