Cartopolitics, Geopolitics and Boundaries in the Arctic
Cartopolitics, Geopolitics and Boundaries in the Arctic
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北极政治、地缘政治和边界
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发表时间：
2012
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通讯作者：
Jeppe Strandsbjerg
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作者：
Jeppe Strandsbjerg
《批判性边界研究》强调了边界如何创造出截然不同的政治空间。在这篇文章中，我建议应该颠倒这种关系的顺序。我认为，空间先于边界的显现，并为其提供条件。这一论点是基于对地图学作为一种调解空间和边界之间关系的实践的理解。借鉴布鲁诺·拉图尔的观点，我引入了地图政治学的概念，来描述通过制图和法律来决定与空间主权控制有关的问题的过程。在分析北极地区当前的边界实践时，“航海政治学”一词反映了“联合国海洋法公约”与制图学之间的关系，是如何影响北极国家将主权扩展到该海域的努力的。关键是大陆架及其在法律上的定义。在这一过程中，制图实践致力于建立一种特定的空间现实，随后将其作为边界绘制的基础。
Critical Border Studies emphasise how distinct political spaces are produced by borders. In this article I suggest that the order of this relationship should be reversed. I argue that space precedes and conditions the manifestation of borders. The argument is based on an understanding of cartography as a practice that mediates the relationship between space and borders. Drawing on Bruno Latour, I introduce the notion of cartopolitics to describe the process where questions pertaining to sovereign control over space are decided through cartography and law. In analysing current border practices in the Arctic, the term cartopolitics captures how the relationship between the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea and cartography is shaping the attempts by Arctic states to expand sovereign rights into the sea. The key is the continental shelf and how it is defined in law. In this process cartographic practices work to establish a particular spatial reality that subsequently serve as a basis for border making.