Patterning and cell fate in ear development
Patterning and cell fate in ear development
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DOI：
10.1387/ijdb.072422ba
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发表时间：
2009-01-01
影响因子：
0.7
通讯作者：
Pujades, Cristina
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Alsina, Berta;Giraldez, Fernando;Pujades, Cristina
在脊椎动物中，内耳是一个复杂的结构，负责听觉和平衡感。耳朵被组织成不同的感觉器官，这些感觉器官专门用于检测特定的刺激，如声音和线性或角加速度。耳朵的基本感觉单位由毛细胞、支持细胞、神经元和雪旺细胞组成。毛细胞是机械-电转换元件，耳神经元将以电脉冲编码的信息传递到大脑。除雪旺细胞外，内耳的所有细胞成分都来自耳道胎盘。这是一种外胚层增厚，在头部外胚层与尾部后脑相邻。EAR的复杂组织需要在发育过程中将区域规范和细胞命运决定精确耦合，即在定义包含特定细胞类型的特定空间域时具有专一性。这些决策是在开发的早期做出的，也是本文的主题。我们在这里回顾了最近的工作：i)耳道胎盘的早期模式，ii)神经管信号在耳囊模式中的作用，以及iii)神经元和感觉毛细胞决定细胞命运的基因。
The inner ear is a complex structure responsible for the senses of audition and balance in vertebrates. The ear is organised into different sense organs that are specialised to detect specific stimuli such as sound and linear or angular accelerations. The elementary sensory unit of the ear consists of hair cells, supporting cells, neurons and Schwann cells. Hair cells are the mechano-electrical transducing elements, and otic neurons convey information coded in electrical impulses to the brain. With the exception of the Schwann cells, all cellular elements of the inner ear derive from the otic placode. This is an ectodermal thickening that is specified in the head ectoderm adjacent to the caudal hindbrain. The complex organisation of the ear requires precise coupling of regional specification and cell fate decisions during development, i.e. specificity in defining particular spatial domains containing particular cell types. Those decisions are taken early in development and are the subject of this article. We review here recent work on: i) early patterning of the otic placode, ii) the role of neural tube signals in the patterning of the otic vesicle, and iii) the genes underlying cell fate determination of neurons and sensory hair cells.