Conflicting messages concerning current strategies against research misconduct in Japan: A call for ethical spontaneity.
Conflicting messages concerning current strategies against research misconduct in Japan: A call for ethical spontaneity.
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关于日本当前针对研究不端行为的策略的相互矛盾的信息：呼吁道德自发性。
DOI：
10.1136/medethics-2015-103318
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发表时间：
2016
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
Aya Enzo
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Atsushi Asai;Taketoshi Okita;Aya Enzo
日本政府声称，科学活动的目的是寻求关于世界的真相，并为人文学科的公共利益做出贡献，并声称在任何情况下都不应发生研究不当行为。每一起新的研究不端案件的披露都会导致建立调查委员会和研究指导方针，并对违规者进行惩罚。然而，我们想知道日本研究人员是否正在收到不同的信息，这可能会破坏先前信息的目的。首先，日本制定的科学和技术政策包括择优评估、竞争原则以及集中和不平衡的研究资金分配，导致研究人员的普通研究资金减少，激烈的研究竞争加剧。其次，日本政府和整个社会继续向研究人员发送信息，如“只有结果才重要”、“成为第一要务”和“我们现在所需要的就是科学进步”。第三，文化的特殊性可能解释了日本目前注意到的一些与研究不端行为相关的行为。我们认为，有必要重新审视和完善政府的政策，对研究成果的评估方法需要更加多元化。为了让研究人员按照道德行事，他们必须重申他们在科学和医学领域工作的目标，以及平衡他们的个人利益和进入这一领域的更大事业的重要性。
The Japanese government has asserted that the purpose of scientific activities is to search for the truth about the world and contribute to public interest of the humanities and claimed that research misconduct should occur under no circumstances ever. The revealing of each new case of research misconduct leads to the establishment of investigation committees and research guidelines, as well as punishments for the transgressors. However, we wonder if Japanese researchers are receiving different messages that might undermine the purpose of the former messages. First, Japan's policies on science and technology have been created to comprise an integration of merit-based evaluations, principles of competition and a concentrated and unbalanced distribution of research funding, leading to decreases in ordinary research funding for the researchers and an increase in fierce research competition. Second, Japanese government and society as a whole continue to send the researchers messages such as ‘Only results matter’, ‘Be No. 1 as a top priority’ and ‘All we need now is scientific progress’. Third, cultural peculiarities may explain some of the actions relevant to research misconducts currently noted in Japan. We argue that it is essential to re-examine and improve the governmental policies and evaluation methods for research achievements need to be more multifaceted. In order to have the researchers act according to ethics, it is essential for them to reaffirm their objectives for working in the fields of science and medicine and the importance of balancing their personal profit with the greater cause for entering into this field.