[An update on the epidemiological characteristics of novel coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19)].
[An update on the epidemiological characteristics of novel coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19)].
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DOI：
10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-6450.2020.02.002
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发表时间：
2020-02-10
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中华预防医学会新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情控制专项专家组通过文献综述和分组讨论，制定了关于新型冠状病毒肺炎（NCP）流行病学特征的更新。2019年新型冠状病毒（2019-nCoV）的最初来源是中国湖北省武汉市的华南海鲜市场，穿山甲是潜在的动物宿主。目前主要传染源是NCP患者，无症状携带者也可能具有传染性。这种病毒被认为主要通过飞沫或接触传播。一般来说，人们都容易感染这种病毒。平均潜伏期为5.2天，爆发时的基本繁殖数R（0）为2.2。大多数NCP患者为临床轻度病例。病死率为2.38%，有基础疾病的老年男性死亡风险较高。预防和控制NCP的策略包括加强疫情监测，确定感染源，加快疑似病例的诊断，优化密切接触者的管理，加强对聚集性疫情和医院感染的预防和控制，防止人们从中国春节假期返回工作岗位后疫情可能反弹，以及加强社区预防和控制。
Through literature review and group discussion, Special Expert Group for Control of the Epidemic of Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia of the Chinese Preventive Medicine Association formulated an update on the epidemiological characteristics of novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP). The initial source of the 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) was the Huanan seafood market in Wuhan, Hubei province, China, with pangolins as a potential animal host. Currently the main source of infection is NCP patients, and asymptomatic carriers may also be infectious. The virus is believed transmitted mostly via droplets or contact. People are all generally susceptible to the virus. The average incubation period was 5.2 days, and the basic reproductive number R(0) was 2.2 at the onset of the outbreak. Most NCP patients were clinically mild cases. The case fatality rate was 2.38%, and elderly men with underlying diseases were at a higher risk of death. Strategies for prevention and control of NCP include improving epidemic surveillance, quarantining the source of infection, speeding up the diagnosis of suspected cases, optimizing the management of close contacts, tightening prevention and control of cluster outbreaks and hospital infection, preventing possible rebound of the epidemic after people return to work from the Chinese Spring Festival holiday, and strengthening community prevention and control.