Community impacts of Prosopis juliflora invasion: biogeographic and congeneric comparisons.
Community impacts of Prosopis juliflora invasion: biogeographic and congeneric comparisons.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0044966
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发表时间：
2012
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Inderjit
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kaur R;Gonzáles WL;Llambi LD;Soriano PJ;Callaway RM;Rout ME;Gallaher TJ;Inderjit
我们协调了外来入侵树在其本地和非本地范围内的影响的地理学比较，在非本地范围内的同类比较。Prosopis juliflora在分类上比较复杂，与P. pallida形成P. juliflora复合体。因此，我们采样P. juliflora在其原产地委内瑞拉，并在秘鲁，Prosopis pallida的原产地范围内也定位了两个现场。新大陆原生植物Prosopis juliflora在许多其他地区都是入侵者，其树冠对委内瑞拉本土其他物种的多样性有促进作用，P. pallida在其本土秘鲁有负效应和正效应（总体中性效应）。然而，在印度和夏威夷，美国，其中P. juliflora是一个积极的入侵者，冠层效应是一致的，强烈的负面物种丰富度。在印度，Prosopis cineraria对物种丰富度的影响远小于P. juliflora。结果表明，胡桃树根际土壤的有效磷、可溶性盐和总酚含量均高于瓜皮松根际土壤。实验性应用朱庇花枯枝落叶对印度本土物种造成的死亡率远高于银合欢枯枝落叶。Prosopis juliflora叶渗滤液对印度西北部三种常见作物的根系生长有中性至负面影响，而P. cineraria叶渗滤液则有正面影响。牧豆叶浸提液中总酚和L-色氨酸的含量也高于瓜籽，这可能是牧豆叶浸提液中存在的化感作用机制。我们的研究结果还表明，竞争对手之间的区域进化轨迹的可能性，最近的混合物种从不同的轨迹有可能破坏本地物种之间的相互作用。
We coordinated biogeographical comparisons of the impacts of an exotic invasive tree in its native and non-native ranges with a congeneric comparison in the non-native range. Prosopis juliflora is taxonomically complicated and with P. pallida forms the P. juliflora complex. Thus we sampled P. juliflora in its native Venezuela, and also located two field sites in Peru, the native range of Prosopis pallida. Canopies of Prosopis juliflora, a native of the New World but an invader in many other regions, had facilitative effects on the diversity of other species in its native Venezuela, and P. pallida had both negative and positive effects depending on the year, (overall neutral effects) in its native Peru. However, in India and Hawaii, USA, where P. juliflora is an aggressive invader, canopy effects were consistently and strongly negative on species richness. Prosopis cineraria, a native to India, had much weaker effects on species richness in India than P. juliflora. We carried out multiple congeneric comparisons between P. juliflora and P. cineraria, and found that soil from the rhizosphere of P. juliflora had higher extractable phosphorus, soluble salts and total phenolics than P. cineraria rhizosphere soils. Experimentally applied P. juliflora litter caused far greater mortality of native Indian species than litter from P. cineraria. Prosopis juliflora leaf leachate had neutral to negative effects on root growth of three common crop species of north-west India whereas P. cineraria leaf leachate had positive effects. Prosopis juliflora leaf leachate also had higher concentrations of total phenolics and L-tryptophan than P. cineraria, suggesting a potential allelopathic mechanism for the congeneric differences. Our results also suggest the possibility of regional evolutionary trajectories among competitors and that recent mixing of species from different trajectories has the potential to disrupt evolved interactions among native species.
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