TLR9 agonists: Immune mechanisms and therapeutic potential in domestic animals
TLR9 agonists: Immune mechanisms and therapeutic potential in domestic animals
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DOI：
10.1016/j.vetimm.2011.05.032
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发表时间：
2012-07-15
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
Mutwiri, George
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Mutwiri, George
Toll样受体（TLRs）是一种跨膜糖蛋白，可识别保守的微生物分子。tlr参与激活先天免疫和适应性免疫。tlr介导的免疫细胞活化导致细胞因子、趋化因子和共刺激分子的上调。这些早期的先天反应控制病原体的传播并启动适应性免疫反应。合成CpG寡脱氧核苷酸（ODN）是TLR9的激动剂，在传染病、过敏和癌症的实验动物模型中作为免疫治疗剂和疫苗佐剂显示出很大的前景。然而，很明显，CpG ODN在家畜和人类中是较弱的免疫激活剂。啮齿动物和哺乳动物的免疫应答差异主要归因于不同物种中TLR9的细胞表达差异。在本文中，我们将回顾目前对CpG ODN的免疫机制的理解，以及潜在的应用，特别强调在家畜。(C) 2011 Elsevier B.V.版权所有
Toll like receptors (TLRs) are transmembrane glycoproteins that recognize conserved microbial molecules. Engagement of TLRs activates innate and adaptive immunity. TLR-mediated activation of immune cells results in upregulation of cytokines, chemokines and costimulatory molecules. These early innate responses control pathogen spread and initiates adaptive immune responses. Synthetic CpG oligodeoxynucleotides (ODN), agonists for TLR9, had shown great promise as immunotherapeutic agents and vaccine adjuvants in laboratory animal models of infectious disease, allergy and cancer. However, it has become apparent that CpG ODN are less potent immune activators in domestic animals and humans. The disparity in immune responses between rodents and mammals has been mainly attributed to differences in cellular expression of TLR9 in the various species. In this article, our current understanding of the immune mechanisms, as well as the potential applications of CpG ODN will be reviewed, with particular emphasis on domestic animals. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.