The Displacement of Traditional Law in Modern India
The Displacement of Traditional Law in Modern India
复制标题
现代印度传统法律的取代
DOI：
10.1111/j.1540-4560.1968.tb02316.x
复制
发表时间：
1968
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
M. Galanter
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
M. Galanter
本文论述了现代印度传统法律的位移。当代印度法律，在很大程度上，在起源或灵感上明显是外国的，它与生活在它之下的大多数人的态度和关注是出了名的不一致。但是，目前的法律制度是牢固确立的，被恢复的“土著”制度所取代的可能性极小。本文试图追溯由英国人引入的现代制度改造和取代本土法律制度的过程，特别是被称为印度法律的制度。英国统治印度的突出成就之一是形成了全国统一的现代法律体系。现代法律制度的显著特征包括以普遍规范为基础的统一地域规则，这些规则将权利和义务作为具体交易的事件而不是固定的地位来分配。在由政府公务员组成的政府法院执行法律的过程中，英国人向现代法律体系迈出了决定性的一步，启动了一个可能被称为法律征用的过程。
The article discusses displacement of the traditional law in modern India. Contemporary Indian law is, for the most part, palpably foreign in origin or inspiration and it is notoriously incongruent with the attitudes and concerns of much of the population that lives under it. However, the present legal system is firmly established and the likelihood of its replacement by a revived" indigenous" system is extremely small. This paper attempts to trace the process by which the modern system, introduced by the British, transformed and supplanted the indigenous legal systems--in particular, that system known as Hindu law. One of the outstanding achievements of British rule in India was the formation of a unified nationwide modern legal system. The salient features of a modern legal system include uniform territorial rules, based on universalistic norms, which apportion rights and obligations as incidents of specific transactions, rather than of fixed statuses. In undertaking to administer the law in the government's courts, staffed with government servants, the British took the decisive step toward a modern legal system, initiating a process that might be called the expropriation of law.