Growth and cellular patterning during fetal human inner ear development studied by a correlative imaging approach
Growth and cellular patterning during fetal human inner ear development studied by a correlative imaging approach
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DOI：
10.1186/s12861-019-0191-y
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发表时间：
2019-05-20
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Handschuh, Stephan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Chacko, Lejo Johnson;Wertjanz, David;Handschuh, Stephan
背景：在人类妊娠发育过程中，耳位逐渐转变为功能性内耳，通过耳蜗获得听觉感知，通过前庭器官获得平衡和空间定向。结果通过显微计算机断层扫描（micro- computer tomography, micro-CT）、透射电子显微镜和组织学技术，研究了内耳发育过程中形态学和细胞的变化。这样的评估允许以高空间和时间分辨率检查3D几何。在GW12至GW36期间所有检查的标本中，随着妊娠进展和耳蜗管的生长，一些壶腹嵴之间的距离明显增加。黄斑器官（胎儿胞室和囊）之间的距离平行增加，在整个妊娠阶段也很明显。在检查的各个阶段，胞室和囊袋与三个壶腹嵴之间的距离也在增加。胎儿耳蜗毛细胞分化的梯度从耳蜗尖向耳蜗底明显。结论我们揭示了人类内耳发育的结构信息，包括内耳的大体形态、听觉和前庭器官的细胞和亚细胞细节，以及感觉上皮的超微结构细节。这使得收集有关形态变化的详细信息以及实现人类内耳复杂的发育模式成为可能。我们能够量化选定的妊娠内耳标本的体积和线性方面，以便更好地了解胎儿妊娠时间线的细胞变化。此外，这些数据可以作为更好地理解内耳发育过程中出现的疾病的参考。
BackgroundProgressive transformation of the otic placode into the functional inner ear during gestational development in humans leads to the acquisition of hearing perception via the cochlea and balance and spatial orientation via the vestibular organ.ResultsUsing a correlative approach involving micro-computerized tomography (micro-CT), transmission electron microscopy and histological techniques we were able to examine both the morphological and cellular changes associated with human inner ear development. Such an evaluation allowed for the examination of 3D geometry with high spatial and temporal resolution. In concert with gestational progression and growth of the cochlear duct, an increase in the distance between some of the Crista ampullaris is evident in all the specimens examined from GW12 to GW36. A parallel increase in the distances between the macular organs - fetal utricle and saccule - is also evident across the gestational stages examined. The distances between both the utricle and saccule to the three cristae ampullares also increased across the stages examined. A gradient in hair cell differentiation is apparent from apex to base of the fetal cochlea even at GW14.ConclusionWe present structural information on human inner ear development across multiple levels of biological organization, including gross-morphology of the inner ear, cellular and subcellular details of hearing and vestibular organs, as well as ultrastructural details in the developing sensory epithelia. This enabled the gathering of detailed information regarding morphometric changes as well in realizing the complex developmental patterns of the human inner ear. We were able to quantify the volumetric and linear aspects of selected gestational inner ear specimens enabling a better understanding of the cellular changes across the fetal gestational timeline. Moreover, these data could serve as a reference for better understanding disorders that arise during inner ear development.