Bacterial extracellular polysaccharides involved in biofilm formation.

Bacterial extracellular polysaccharides involved in biofilm formation.
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DOI:
10.3390/molecules14072535
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发表时间:
2009-07-13
期刊:
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Ivanova EP
Ivanova EP
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Vu B;Chen M;Crawford RJ;Ivanova EP

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微生物产生的细胞外聚合物(EPS)是主要由多糖以及蛋白质、核酸、脂质和腐殖物质组成的生物聚合物的复杂混合物。EPS构成微生物聚集体的细胞间隙,并形成生物膜基质的结构和构造。EPS的主要功能包括介导细胞对不同基质的初始附着以及保护免受环境应激和脱水。本文综述了EPS在细菌附着后生物膜形成中的作用的研究现状。后者对一系列生物医学、生物技术和工业领域产生了深远的影响,包括制药和外科应用、食品工程、生物修复和生物湿法冶金。不同分类谱系的细菌产生的EPS的不同结构变化,以及生物技术应用的例子,进行了讨论。最后,一系列的新技术,可用于研究涉及生物膜特异性多糖进行了讨论。
Extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) produced by microorganisms are a complex mixture of biopolymers primarily consisting of polysaccharides, as well as proteins, nucleic acids, lipids and humic substances. EPS make up the intercellular space of microbial aggregates and form the structure and architecture of the biofilm matrix. The key functions of EPS comprise the mediation of the initial attachment of cells to different substrata and protection against environmental stress and dehydration. The aim of this review is to present a summary of the current status of the research into the role of EPS in bacterial attachment followed by biofilm formation. The latter has a profound impact on an array of biomedical, biotechnology and industrial fields including pharmaceutical and surgical applications, food engineering, bioremediation and biohydrometallurgy. The diverse structural variations of EPS produced by bacteria of different taxonomic lineages, together with examples of biotechnological applications, are discussed. Finally, a range of novel techniques that can be used in studies involving biofilm-specific polysaccharides is discussed.
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