Site Selection and Nest Survival of the Bar-headed Goose (Anser indicus) on the Mongolian Plateau
Site Selection and Nest Survival of the Bar-headed Goose (Anser indicus) on the Mongolian Plateau
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DOI：
10.1675/063.037.0405
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发表时间：
2014-12-01
期刊：
影响因子：
0.3
通讯作者：
Xiao, Xiangming
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Batbayar, Nyambayar;Takekawa, John Y.;Xiao, Xiangming
在中亚蒙古高原上繁殖的水鸟必须在水条件多变的半干旱区找到适合筑巢的湿地。对依赖该地区繁殖的水鸟的第一次系统筑巢研究是在斑头雁（Anser indicus）上进行的。本研究的目的是记录斑头雁的筑巢地点，表征巢穴和筑巢策略，并使用改进的梅菲尔德估计器估计蒙古中西部八个地区三个夏季（2009-2011）的每日筑巢存活率（n = 235个巢穴）。斑头鹅日窝成活率为0.94 ~ 0.98,3年孵化期平均窝成活率为42.6%。据先前的报道，斑头雁主要在孤立的池塘和湖泊岛屿上筑巢，但在蒙古中西部的几个地区，斑头雁也经常沿着岩石悬崖筑巢，尽管频率较低。崖巢日存活率高于岛巢日存活率。信息理论模型表明，巢存活率随巢龄的变化而下降，并随环境条件的变化而逐年变化。本研究结果表明，虽然斑头雁主要依赖于筑巢岛屿，但这些地点可能更容易受到人为干扰和受环境条件季节性变化影响的捕食事件的影响，并且在较少频繁的悬崖筑巢策略中记录的较高的巢日存活率可能为岛屿筑巢成功率低的年份提供了重要的替代策略。因此，在半干旱地区对这种和其他水鸟物种的保护工作应侧重于保护筑巢岛，并保护它们免受牲畜密度高、气候迅速变暖地区的干扰。
Waterbirds breeding on the Mongolian Plateau in Central Asia must find suitable wetland areas for nesting in a semiarid region characterized by highly variable water conditions. The first systematic nesting study of a waterbird dependent on this region for breeding was conducted on the Bar-headed Goose (Anser indicus). The purpose of this study was to document Bar-headed Goose nesting locations, characterize nests and nesting strategies, and estimate daily nest survival (n = 235 nests) from eight areas of west-central Mongolia across three summers (2009-2011) using a modified Mayfield estimator. Bar-headed Goose daily nest survival ranged from 0.94 to 0.98, with a 3-year average nest success of 42.6% during incubation. Bar-headed Geese were found to primarily nest on isolated pond and lake islands as previously reported, but were also documented regularly, though less frequently, along rocky cliffs in several regions of west-central Mongolia. Daily nest survival was higher for cliff nests than for island nests. Information-theoretic models indicated that nest survival decreased with nest age and varied annually with changing environmental conditions. Results of this study suggest that while Bar-headed Geese primarily rely on nesting island sites these sites may be more susceptible to anthropogenic disturbance and predation events influenced by seasonal variation in environmental conditions, and that higher daily nest survival values documented for the less frequent cliff nest strategy may provide an important alternative strategy during poor island nest success years. Thus, conservation efforts for this and other waterbird species in the semiarid region should be focused on conserving nesting islands and protecting them from disturbance in areas of high livestock densities experiencing a rapidly warming climate.