Homage to Felsenstein 1981, or why are there so few/many species?
Homage to Felsenstein 1981, or why are there so few/many species?
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DOI：
10.1111/evo.14235
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发表时间：
2021-05-05
期刊：
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Qvarnstrom, Anna
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Butlin, Roger K.;Servedio, Maria R.;Qvarnstrom, Anna
如果物种形成过程没有限制，那么物种的数量可能会与可用的生态位数量相匹配，而且这个数字可能会无限大。一种可能的限制是异地分化的机会。1981年，费尔森斯坦使用了一个简单而优雅的模型来研究是否也存在基因限制。他指出，物种形成的进展可以用不同选择的基因座之间以及这些基因座与其他形式的生殖隔离的那些基因座之间的连锁不平衡的建立来描述。因此，物种形成受到重组的反对，因为它往往会打破连接不平衡。费尔森斯坦随后提出了“双等位基因”模型和“单等位基因”模型之间的关键区别，“双等位基因”模型受到这种影响，而“单等位基因”模型则不受重组限制。自那以后，这些根本的重要见解一直是物种形成经验和理论研究的基础。
If there are no constraints on the process of speciation, then the number of species might be expected to match the number of available niches and this number might be indefinitely large. One possible constraint is the opportunity for allopatric divergence. In 1981, Felsenstein used a simple and elegant model to ask if there might also be genetic constraints. He showed that progress towards speciation could be described by the build-up of linkage disequilibrium among divergently selected loci and between these loci and those contributing to other forms of reproductive isolation. Therefore, speciation is opposed by recombination, because it tends to break down linkage disequilibria. Felsenstein then introduced a crucial distinction between "two-allele" models, which are subject to this effect, and "one-allele" models, which are free from the recombination constraint. These fundamentally important insights have been the foundation for both empirical and theoretical studies of speciation ever since.