A Predictive Generator Out-of-Step Protection and Transient Stability Monitoring Scheme Enabled by a Distributed Dynamic State Estimator
A Predictive Generator Out-of-Step Protection and Transient Stability Monitoring Scheme Enabled by a Distributed Dynamic State Estimator
复制标题
由分布式动态状态估计器实现的预测性发电机失步保护和暂态稳定监测方案
DOI：
10.1109/tpwrd.2015.2512268
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发表时间：
2016
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
A. Meliopoulos
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
E. Farantatos;Renke Huang;G. Cokkinides;A. Meliopoulos
提出了一种新颖的发电机失步预测保护和暂态稳定监测方案。它基于系统的实时动态监测，由分布式动态状态估计器（DSE）实现。DSE利用本地同步和非同步测量，并以每秒60次的速率提供系统动态状态的演变。然后利用实时动态模型基于李雅普诺夫直接法评估系统的能量函数，估计稳定边界，并描述其稳定性。该方案的两个主要组成部分是：系统振荡中心的计算以及用于计算发电机稳定边界及其稳定性特征的等效简化模型的实时推导。结果表明，与传统的基于发电机阻抗继电器的失步保护相比，所提出方案的主要优势在于能够在失步情况发生之前进行预测，并且发电机的跳闸速度比传统方案快得多。介绍了该方案的理论背景以及在实际系统中的应用。所提出的方案能够非常准确地描述潜在的发电机不稳定性，并在发电机失步发生之前、在发电机滑极之前预测发电机的失步。
A novel predictive generator out-of-step protection and transient stability monitoring scheme is presented. It is based on real-time dynamic monitoring of the system, enabled by a distributed dynamic state estimator (DSE). DSE utilizes local synchronized and nonsynchronized measurements and provides the evolution of the system's dynamic state at rates of 60 times/s. The real-time dynamic model is then utilized to evaluate the system's energy function based on Lyapunov's direct method, estimate the stability barrier, and characterize its stability. The two major components of the scheme are: the calculation of the system's center of oscillations and the derivation in real time of an equivalent, reduced size model used for the calculation of the generator stability barrier and its stability characterization. It is shown that the major advantage of the proposed scheme, compared with legacy generator impedance relay-based out-of-step protection, is that the out-of-step condition is predicted before its occurrence and the generator can be tripped much faster than the traditional scheme. The theoretical background of the scheme and application on an actual system are presented. The proposed scheme characterizes very accurate potential generator instability and predicts generator loss of synchronism before its occurrence, before the generator slips a pole.