Robust audio watermarking using perceptual masking
Robust audio watermarking using perceptual masking
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DOI：
10.1016/s0165-1684(98)00014-0
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发表时间：
1998-05-01
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Boney, L
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Swanson, MD;Zhu, B;Boney, L
我们提出了一个水印程序嵌入到数字音频版权保护，通过直接修改的音频样本。我们的音频相关水印程序直接利用时间和频率的感知掩蔽，以保证嵌入的水印是听不见的和鲁棒的。水印是通过将每个音频片段分成更小的片段并添加感知形状的伪随机序列来构造的。类噪声水印在统计上是不可检测的，以防止未经授权的删除。此外，作者表示，我们介绍解决了死锁问题。我们还介绍了一个双水印的概念：一个使用的原始信号在检测过程中，一个不。我们表明，双水印的方法，我们使用的程序来获得水印有效地解决了死锁问题。我们还证明了水印过程对音频退化和失真的鲁棒性，例如，那些由有色噪声、MPEG编码、多重水印和时间恢复产生的噪声。(C)1998 Elsevier Science B.V.保留所有权利。
We present a watermarking procedure to embed copyright protection into digital audio by directly modifying the audio samples. Our audio-dependent watermarking procedure directly exploits temporal and frequency perceptual masking to guarantee that the embedded watermark is inaudible and robust. The watermark is constructed by breaking each audio clip into smaller segments and adding a perceptually shaped pseudo-random sequence. The noise-like watermark is statistically undetectable to prevent unauthorized removal. Furthermore, the author representation we introduce resolves the deadlock problem. We also introduce the notion of a dual watermark: one which uses the original signal during detection and one which does not. We show that the dual watermarking approach together with the procedure that we use to derive the watermarks effectively solves the deadlock problem. We also demonstrate the robustness of that watermarking procedure to audio degradations and distortions, e.g., those that result from colored noise, MPEG coding, multiple watermarks, and temporal resampling. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.