Anxiety and apprehension in visual working memory performance: no change to capacity, but poorer distractor filtering
Anxiety and apprehension in visual working memory performance: no change to capacity, but poorer distractor filtering
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DOI：
10.1080/10615806.2020.1736899
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发表时间：
2020-03-05
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Berggren, Nick
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Berggren, Nick
背景和目标：急性和慢性焦虑的个体差异与工作记忆能力的变化有关，尽管具体的视觉工作记忆表现差异的证据不一致。本研究考察了特质焦虑和诱发性恐惧感对视觉工作记忆成绩的影响。设计：2（噪音）× 2（分心）人内设计，焦虑作为人与人之间的因素。研究方法：通过在线广告招募的46名参与者完成了变化检测任务，记忆单独或在其他干扰物中呈现的矩形条的方向，将其与随后的测试显示进行比较。特质焦虑水平采用自我报告问卷进行测量。为了引起恐惧，参与者完成了一些实验块，其中大声令人厌恶的白色噪音可以以低概率呈现。结果如下：方差分析和协方差分析的结果表明，特质焦虑和忧虑都不影响记忆成绩时，只有相关的对象。然而，记忆性能受损时，分心物的对象，并加剧了这种影响下的忧虑，特别是对高特质焦虑的个人。结论：结果表明，诱导忧虑和特质焦虑对视觉工作记忆容量的影响不大，而主要是干扰干扰过滤效率。
Background and objectives: Individual differences in acute and chronic anxiety have been linked to changes in working memory ability, though evidence for differences in specifically visual working memory performance has been inconsistent. The present study examined the role of both trait anxiety and induced feelings of apprehension on visual working memory performance. Design: 2 (Noise) x 2 (Distraction) within-person design with anxiety as a between-person factor. Methods: Forty-six participants recruited via online advertisement completed a change detection task, memorizing the orientations of rectangular bars presented either alone or among additional distractors, comparing this to a subsequent test display. Trait anxiety levels were measured by self-report questionnaire. To induce apprehension, participants completed some experimental blocks where loud aversive white noise could be presented at low probability. Results: Results of ANOVA and ANCOVA models showed that neither trait anxiety nor apprehension affected memory performance when only relevant objects were shown. However, memory performance was impaired when distractor objects were presented, and this effect was exacerbated under apprehension particularly for high trait anxious individuals. Conclusions: Results suggest that induced apprehension and trait anxiety have little influence on visual working memory capacity, instead primarily disrupting distractor filtering efficiency.